HISTO - bones

Question 1

found in periosteum and endosteum

gives rise to osteoblast

Answer 1

osteogenic cells

Question 2

found in periosteum and endosteum
origin: osteogenic cells
function: secrete bone matrix and deposit ca= salts in it
fate: change to osteocytes

Answer 2

osteoblasts

Question 3

branched cells
present in singly lacunae
branched run to canaliculi (to reach nearby blood vessels for nutrients)

origin: osteoblasts
function: maintain the bone matrix (by continuous deposition of nutrients)

Answer 3

osteocytes

Question 4

clast =

Answer 4

destruct

Question 5

large multinucleated cells on bony surface in Howship’s lacunae

striated or ruffled border (increase surface area)

cytoplasm rich in lysosomes (secretes acids to decalcify bone)

Answer 5

osteoclasts

Question 6

origin: blood monocytes (monocytes fused together)

function: bone resorption (destruction of bone to release calcium)

Answer 6

osteoclasts

Question 7

hard - it is calcified (calcium salts)

type 1 collagen fibers (pink color) acidophilic

forms bone lamellae and trabeculae

Answer 7

bone matrix

Question 8

outer fibrous layer
inner oseogenic layer

Answer 8

periosteum

Question 9

osteogenic layer only - dont need fibrous layer

fibrous layer is for protection from outside

Answer 9

endosteum - lining of bone marrow cavities

Question 10

periosteum (OFL, IOL)
endosteum
bone lamellae
bone cells

Answer 10

compact bone

Question 11

bone lamellae:

Answer 11

a. haversian systems (osteons)

b. ECL

c. ICL

d. Interstitial lamellae : between osteons

Question 12

• longitudinal cylinders
• is formed of concentric bone lamellae (have osteocytes) and haversian canal (w/ blood vessels and nerves running in it)
• volkmann’s canal

Answer 12

haversian systems (osteons) - unit of compact bone

Question 13

connect haversian canal together
(connect blood vessels and nerves of haversian systems

run obliquely or transversely

Answer 13

volkmann’s canal

Question 14

• in flat bones and epiphysis of long bone
• periosteum
• endosteum
• irregular bone trabeculae (bone plates)
• many irregular bone marrow spaces (source of nutrients) (endosteum lines all these spaces
  *bone cells
• does not have haversian systems : no osteons

Answer 14

spongy (cancellous) bone

Question 15

MACROSCOPIC:

Answer 15

• Compact bone (substantia compacta)
• Spongy or Cancellous bone (substantia spongiosa)

Question 16

• solid continuous mass

Answer 16

Compact bone (substantia compacta)

Question 17

• 3D lattice of branching bony spicules (trabeculae) occupied by bone marrow

Answer 17

Spongy or Cancellous bone (substantia spongiosa)

Question 18

consists of thick walled hollow cylinder of compact bone with central marrow cavity (medullary cavity)occupied by the bone marrow.

Answer 18

Diaphysis (shaft)

Question 19

• ends of long bones arising from separate ossification centers and separated from the diaphysis by the cartilagenous epiphyseal plates

Answer 19

Epiphysis

Question 20

transition between the epiphyseal growth plates(growth zone)

Answer 20

Metaphysis

Question 21

a layer of specialized CT with osteogenic property (ability to form new bones)

Answer 21

Periosteum

Question 22

lines the marrow cavity of diaphysis and spongy bone with osteogenic property

Answer 22

Endosteum

Question 23

mineralized interstitial substance deposited in lamellae 3-7 um thick

Answer 23

Bone matrix

Question 24

uniformly spread throughout the interstitial spaces containing bone cell or osteocyte

Answer 24

Lacunae

Question 25

radiating from each lacunae and anastomoses with the lacunae nearby. This system provides avenue for
exchange of nutrients and wastes

Answer 25

Canaliculi

Question 26

appear as concentric rings made up of 4-20 lamellae

Answer 26

Haversian systems (osteons)

Question 27

angular pieces of lamellar bones between haversian systems

Answer 27

Interstitial systems

Question 28

several lamellae that extend un interrupted around much of the circumference of the shaft

Answer 28

Outer and Inner lamellae

Question 29

vascular longitudinal channels in the centers of osteon.

They are 22-110 um in diameter and contain one or two small blood vessels, mostly capillaries and post capillary venules

Answer 29

Haversian canals

Question 30

connects haversian canals from one another. They traverse the bone in a direction perpendicular or oblique to the osseous lamellae

Answer 30

Volkman’s canal