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anatomy > 2nd lq - muscles of the neck > Flashcards

2nd lq - muscles of the neck Flashcards

1
Q

layer of fibrous tissue that surrounds muscles, groups of
muscles, blood vessels and nerves, binding those structures
together
allow the muscles to slide upon each other during movement

A

Fascia

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2
Q

example of parallel muscle

A

stylohyoid muscle

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3
Q

example of circular muscle

A

orbicularis oculi

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4
Q

ample of fusiform muscle

A

digastric muscle

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5
Q

example of triangular muscle

A

pectoralis major

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6
Q

ex. of unipennate

A

extensor digitorum.

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7
Q

of bipennate

A

rectus femoris

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8
Q

ex. of multipennate

A

deltoid

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9
Q

immediately deep to the skin

A

Superficial fascia

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10
Q

deep investing fascia
visceral (pretracheal) fascia
prevertebral fascia
alar fascia

A

Deep cervical fascia

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11
Q

wraps around the entire circumference of the neck

splits to pass around SCM and trapezius

A

Deep investing fascia

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12
Q

superior attachment of Deep investing fascia:

A

inf. border of mandible, inf. border of the body of hyoid bone,
angle of mandible, inf. border of zygomatic arch, mastoid
process, styloid process and attachments of SCM and
trapezius to the skull

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13
Q

inferior attachment of Deep investing fascia:

A

manubrium sterni, clavicles and spine of the scapula

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14
Q

deep to the deep investing fascia
forms a sheath around the visceral unit of the neck

A

Visceral/pretracheal fascia

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15
Q

Superior attachment
hyoid bone and base of the skull

Inferior attachment
superior mediastinum → pericardium of the heart

A

Visceral/pretracheal fascia

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16
Q

surrounds the cervical vertebral unit

A

Prevertebral fascia

17
Q

Superior attachment
base of the skull

Inferior attachment
blends with the investing fascia of the musculature of the
back and with the anterior longitudinal ligament of the
thoracic vertebrae

A

Prevertebral fascia

18
Q

formed by a division of the anterior component of the
prevertebral fascia

binds to the transverse processes laterally

A

Alar fascia

19
Q

Most important muscle of respiration
Dome-shaped

Consist of peripheral muscular part and a centrally placed tendon

A

Diaphragm

20
Q

diaphragm origin is divided into 3 parts

A

Sternal part – posterior surface of the xiphoid process

Costal part – deep surfaces of the lower six ribs and their costal cartilages

Vertebral part – vertical columns or crura and from arcuate ligaments.

21
Q

arises from the sides of the bodies of the 1st three lumbar vertebrae and intervertebral discs and splits to enclose the esophagus

A

Right crus

22
Q

sides of the bodies of the 1st two lumbar vertebrae and intervertebral discs

A

Left crus

23
Q

central tendon
Nerve Supply:

A

Phrenic Nerve (C3-5)

24
Q

On contraction, the diaphragm pulls its central tendon down and increases the vertical diameter of the thorax

A

Muscle of inspiration

25
Q

Assists the contraction of the muscles of anterior abdominal wall = increases intra-abdominal pressure ( micturition, defecation, parturition)

A

Muscle of abdominal straining

26
Q

Assists the contraction of the muscles of anterior abdominal wall to such extent it helps support the vertebral column and prevent flexion.

A

Weight-lifting muscle

27
Q

Descent of diaphragm = dec intrathoracic pressure
Assists return of venous blood in the IVC to RA and passage of lymph upward in the thoracic duct

A

Thoracoabdominal pump

28
Q

fibers pass DOWNWARD and FORWARD

Origin: Inferior border of the rib above

Insertion: Superior border of the rib below

Nerve supply: Intercostal nerves

A

External Intercostal

29
Q

Action:
With the first rib fixed, they raised ribs during inspiration and thus increase antero-posterior and transverse diameters of the thorax

With the last rib fixed by abdominal muscles, they lower the ribs during expiration

A

External Intercostal

30
Q

Fibers = DOWNWARD and BACKWARD

Origin: Inferior border of the rib above
Insertion: Superior border of the rib below
Nerve supply: Intercostal nerves

Action: assist the external intercostal muscles

A

Internal Intercostal

31
Q

Fibers = transversely, forms incomplete layer of the muscle

Origin: adjacent ribs
Insertion: adjacent ribs

Nerve supply: Intercostal nerves

Action: assist the external and internal intercostal muscles

A

Innermost Intercostal Muscle

32
Q

Suboccipital Muscles

A

Levatores costarum (twelve total)

Serratus posterior superior

Serratus posterior inferior

33
Q

Tension pneumothorax or large hemothorax

Remove air or blood to allow lung to expand

Needle should be kept close to the upper border of the rib to avoid injuring intercostal VAN

A

Needle thoracostomy

34
Q

the way your baby was positioned in the womb before birth. abnormal development of the SCM muscle. trauma or damage to the muscle during birth.

A

Congenital muscular torticollis

35
Q
A

anatomy (15 decks)

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