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Autonomics > Histamine, Serotonin, and Antagonists > Flashcards

Histamine, Serotonin, and Antagonists Flashcards

1
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

A

Mechanism: H1 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: Allergic reactions, motion sickness, nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, sleep aids
Side Effects: Anti-muscarinic, sedating

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2
Q

Tripelennamine (Pyribenzamine)

A

Mechanism: H1 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: OTC sleep aid
Side Effects: Anti-muscarinic, sedating

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3
Q

Cyclizine (Marezine)

A

Mechanism: H1 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: Motion sickness
Side Effects: Anti-muscarinic, sedating

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4
Q

Promethazine (Phenergan)

A

Mechanism: H1 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: Antiemetic
Side Effects: Anti-muscarinic, sedating

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5
Q

Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)

A

Mechanism: H1 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: Component of “cold” medications
Side Effects: Less sedating

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6
Q

Loratadine (Claritin)

A

Mechanism: 2nd generation H1 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: Allergic rhinitis
Side Effects: No sedation

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7
Q

Fexofenadine (Allegra)

A

Mechanism: 2nd generation H1 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: Allergic rhinitis
Side Effects: No sedation

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8
Q

Azelastine (Astelin)

A

Mechanism: 2nd generation H1 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: Allergic rhinitis (intranasal spray), allergic conjunctivitis (ophthalmic solution)
Side Effects: No sedation

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9
Q

Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

A

Mechanism: 2nd generation H1 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: Allergic rhinitis
Side Effects: No sedation

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10
Q

Cimetidine (Tagamet)

A

Mechanism: H2 receptor antagonist; blocks gastric acid secretion (more so with nocturnal acid secretion than meal secretion)
Therapeutics: Dyspepsia, duodenal and gastric ulcers, hypersecretory conditions
Side Effects: Antiandrogen (causing impotence and gynecomastia), inhibition of P450 enzymes

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11
Q

Ranitidine (Zantac)

A

Mechanism: H2 receptor antagonist; blocks gastric acid secretion (more so with nocturnal acid secretion than meal secretion)
Therapeutics: Dyspepsia, duodenal and gastric ulcers, hypersecretory conditions
Side Effects: Liver toxicity

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12
Q

Famotidine (Pepcid)

A

Mechanism: H2 receptor antagonist; blocks gastric acid secretion (more so with nocturnal acid secretion than meal secretion)
Therapeutics: Dyspepsia, duodenal and gastric ulcers, hypersecretory conditions

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13
Q

Nizatidine (Axid)

A

Mechanism: H2 receptor antagonist; blocks gastric acid secretion (more so with nocturnal acid secretion than meal secretion)
Therapeutics: Dyspepsia, duodenal and gastric ulcers, hypersecretory conditions

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14
Q

Cyproheptadine (Periactin)

A

Mechanism: Antihistaminic and antiserotinergic
Therapeutics: Skin allergies (urticaria, anti-5HT1), diarrhea of carcinoid syndrome (anti-5HT2)

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15
Q

Ketanserin

A

Mechanism: Selective 5HT2A,2C receptor antagonist, as well as α1 and H1 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: Antihypertensive (relaxes vascular and tracheal smooth muscle), antiplatelet aggregation

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16
Q

Odansetron (Zofran)

A

Mechanism: 5HT3 receptor antagonist
Therapeutics: Nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy

17
Q

Ergotamine (Ergomar)

A

Class: Ergot alkaloid
Mechanism: Nonspecific partial agonist at all 5HT1,2 receptors; partial agonist at α-adrenergic receptors
Therapeutics: Prodrome of migraines

18
Q

Methysergide (Cycloset)

A

Class: Ergot alkaloid
Mechanism: Partial agonist at all 5HT1 receptors, antagonist at 5HT2
Therapeutics: Prophylaxis of migraines

19
Q

Ergonovine

A

Class: Ergot alkaloid
Therapeutics: Postpartum hemorrhage (Oxytocic)

20
Q

Bromocriptine (Sansert)

A

Class: Ergot alkaloid
Mechanism: Dopamine agonist
Therapeutics: Hyperprolactinemia

21
Q

Triptans

A

Class: Non-ergot serotonin analogs
Mechanism: 5HT1B,D receptor agonist
Therapeutics: Effective (70%) migraine treatment

Autonomics (10 decks)

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