Histamine And Anti Histamine

Question 1

What is the use of betaHistine

Answer 1

Vertigo in Ménière’s disease probably by improving blood flow in the inner ear

Question 2

What are the side effects of BetaHistine

Answer 2

1. Nausea, vomiting, headache
2. pruritius

Question 3

BetaHistine should be avoided in which patients

Answer 3

Patients with
1. peptic ulcer
2. asthma

Question 4

Classify H1 blockers

Answer 4

First generation
second generation

Question 5

Name for generation H1 blockers

Answer 5

1. Diphenhydramine
2. dimenhydrinate
3. promethazine
4. cinnarizine
5. cyclizine
6. hydroxyzine
7. cyproheptadine
8. clemastine
9. Triprolidine
10. Pheniramine

Question 6

Name second generation H1 blockers 

Answer 6

1. Cetirizine
2. Levocetirizine
3. Azelastine
4. Mizolastine
5. loratadine
6. desloratadine
7. fexofenadine
8. Ebastine
9. Rupatadine

Question 7

What are the pharmacological action of First generation H1 blockers

Answer 7

1. CNS depression, sedation, drowsiness anti-emetic, look up anesthetic, anti-parkinsonism effects
2. Allergic reactions And type 1 reactions are suppressed
3. Anticholinergic actions

Question 8

What are the adverse effect a first generation H1 blockers

Answer 8

1. Sedation, drowsiness, lack of concentration, headache, fatigue, weakness, lassitude, incoordination
2. G.I. side effects such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and epigastric discomfort
3. Anti cholinergic effects such as dryness of mouth, bluring a vision, constipation and urinary attention
4. Teratogenicity/ teratogenic effects
5. allergic reactions

Question 9

What are the uses of first generation H1 blockers 

Answer 9

1. Allergic diseases
2. common cold
3. preanesthetic medication
4. as an anti-emetic
5. Parkinsonism
6. Control mile blood transfusion and saline infusion reactions
7. In vertigo in menieres disease
8. sedative and hypnotic

Question 10

Which Second generation H1blockers may cause arrhythmia

Answer 10

1. Ebastine
2. Fexofenadine

Question 11

How do second generation H1 blockers differ from first generation H1 blockers

Answer 11

Second generation
1. No anticholinergic effects
2. no anti-emetic affect
3. no crossing of BBB and minimal or no drowsiness
4. No impair of psycho motor performance
5. are expensive

Question 12

Which Second generation H1 blocker drug should be avoided in patients with prolonged QT interval

Answer 12

Fexofenadine

Question 13

Which drug blocks action of platelet activating factor

Answer 13

Rupatidine

Question 14

Which drug causes taste alterations and burning sensation in the nose and drowsiness

Answer 14

Azelastine

Question 15

What are the adverse effects of second generation H1 blockers

Answer 15

1. Cardiac arrhythmias
2. burning sensation in the nose
3. Block action of platelet activating factor

Question 16

What are the uses of H1blockers second generation

Answer 16

Allergic Disorders such as hayfever, rhinitis, dermatitis, conjunctivitis eczema dragon food allergies, etc.

Question 17

Name anti-vertigo drugs

Answer 17

1. H1 blockers - cinnarizine, promethazine, diphenhydramine
2. Anticholinergic - hyoscine
3. Prochlorperazine- phenothiazine
4. Diazepam - benzodiazepine
5. amitriptyline - tricyclic antidepressant
6. betahistidine - H1 analogue
7. Diuretics - Acetazoleamide, thiazides and furosemide