hip, pelvis, groin. (final) Flashcards
name the parts of the pelvic bone of the
Ilium
ischium
pubis
ILIUM
- crest
- anterior superior spine
- anterior inferior
- base of sacrum
- sacroiliac joint
- pelvic surface of sacrum
- pelvic brim
- pelvic inlet
ISCHIUM
- spine
- body
- ramus
- coccyx
- acetabulum
- obturator foramen
PUBIS
- superior ramus
- inferior ramus
- body
- symphysis
name the anterior and posterior ligaments of the the hip?
ANTERIOR
- iliofemoral ligament
- pubofemoral ligament
POSTERIOR
- ilofemoral ligament
- ischiofemoral ligament
what are the 4 bursae of the hip?
- iliopsoas
- reduce friction between iliopsoas and articular capsule. - deep trochanteric bursa
- cushion between greater trochanter and gluteus maximus as its attachment to iliotibial tract (IT) - gluteofemoral bursa
- separates gluteus maximus from origin of vistas laterals - ischial bursa
- cushion ischial tuberosity where it passes over gluteus maximus
what are the muscles of the medial compartment of the leg?
(GAAAP)
- pectinous
- adductor Magnus, brevis, longus
- gracilis
what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?
- vastus lateralis & medialis
- rectus femoris
- vastus intermedius
- quadriceps femoris
- sartorius
name the hamstring group of muscles?
- biceps femoris
- long head
- short head
- semitendinosus
- semiimembranosus
what are the 7 lateral rotators of the hip?
- gluteus minimus
- piriformis
- gemellus superior
- obturator internus
- obturator externus
- gemellus inferior
- quadratus femoris
what is myositis ossificans traumatica?
- this is bone being laid down within muscles after a blunt blow to the area.
s/s of myositis ossificans traumatica?
- pain
- weakness
- swelling
- POT
- decreased ROM & function
management of myositis ossificans traumatica?
- refer to physician for x-ray.
- possible surgery to remove.
what is acute femoral #?
- a fracture that occurs over the middle third of the shaft that requires a great deal of force.
s/s of femoral fracture?
- severe pain
- swelling
- crepitus
- potential deformity
- muscle guarding
- hip is adducted (go to ER)
management for femoral #?
- 911
- immobilize w/ splint
- surgery
- ice
- treat for shock
what is an avulsion fracture?
- violent/ strong muscular contraction or overstretched.
s/s of a avulsion fracture?
- pain
- swelling
- disability bc of limited AROM & weakness.
management for avulsion #?
- PIER
- refer to physical for X-RAY
where do avulsion fracture most commonly occur?
- ischial tuberosity (hamstrings)
- ASIS (sartorius)
- AIIS (rectus femoris)
- pubic ramus (adductors)
what is femoral stress #?
- 2 regions where federal stress fractures happen?
- overuse injury.
- happens from excessive running dow hill or jumping.
- seen in endurance athletes.
- femoral shaft
- femoral neck
s/s of femoral stress #?
- persistent pain in thigh/ groin
- X-ray/ bione scan reveal feature
- postitive trendelenburgs
what is a sprain of the hip joint?
- force from an opponent/ object or trunk forced over a pronated foot in the opposite direction.
- substantial support, any unusual movement exceeding normal ROM.
s/s of sprain to hip joint?
- inability to circumduct hip
- similar s/s to stress fracture.
- pain in hip region, w/ hip rotation increasing pain.
management of sprain at the hip joint?
- x-ray / MRI to rule out #
- RICE
- NSAIDS
- ## CRUTCHES
what is avascular nerosis?
- permanent blood supply disturbed to the hip.
- can be caused from hip dislocation..
s/s avascular nerosis?
- joint pain w/ weight bearing.
management for avascular nerosis?
- x-ray, MRI, CT
- work to improve use of joint, prevent further damage
- requires surgery.
- ROM exercises to maintain ROM
what is legg calve- perches disease?
- avascular nerosis of the femoral head in child ages 4-10.
- 25% are from trauma, 75% are non trauma.
s/s of legg calve-perches?
- pain in groin that can be referred to abdomen or knee.
- limping
- limited ROM
management of legg calve-perches?
- bed rest
- brace, avoid direct weight bearing.
- if aught early the head may reossify and revascularize.
what is slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
- growth plate is damaged in the femoral head.
- boys aged 10-17, tall and thin or obese
- 25% are seen in both hip.
s/s of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
- pain in groin that comes over weeks or months.
- hip & knee pain during P&AROM.
- limited abduction, flexion, medial rotation. limp
what is osteitis pubis?
- seen in long distance runners, soccer, football, wrestling.
- repetitive stress on pubic symphysis and adjacent muscles.
s/s of osteitis pubis?
- chronic inflammation and pain groin
- POT pubic tubercle
- pain w/ running, sit-ups, squats.
management of osteitis pubis?
- rest
- NSAIDS
- stretch out adductors
what is athletic pubalgia (sports hernia)?
- pain from repetitive stress to the pubic symphysis from kicking, twisting or cutting.
- weak tendons in hip flexors.
- weakening of anterior wall and inguinal canal.
what structures are affected in a sports hernia?
- transversealis abdominis fascia
- aponeurosis of obliques
s/s of sports hernia?
- chronic pain during exertion.
sharp burning pain that then radiates laterally into adductors and testicles. - POT pubic tubercle.
- increased pain w/
resisted hip flexion
internal rotation
abdominal contraction
resisted adduction
management of a sports hernia?
- massage, stretching after 1 week of surround musculature.
- 2 weeks strengthening of abs and hip flexors and adductors
- 3-4 weeks begin running progression
- cortisone injection or tightening of the pelvic wall surgically.
what is avulsion fracture and agpophysitis?
- bone outgrowth
- avulsions seen in sports w/sudden acceleration and deceleration
- occurs at ischial tuberosity, AIIS, ASIS
s/s of avulsion fracture and agpophysitis?
- sudden localized pain/ limited movement.
- pain, swelling, POT
- muscle testing increases pain.
management of avulsion fracture and agpophysitis?
- -X-ray
- RICE, NSAIDS
- 2-3 weeks gradual stretching.
- ROM exercises, then increase to pre grogram
- RTP W/ full ROM and strength.
