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AET 273 > hip, pelvis, groin. (final) > Flashcards

hip, pelvis, groin. (final) Flashcards

1
Q

name the parts of the pelvic bone of the
Ilium
ischium
pubis

A

ILIUM
- crest
- anterior superior spine
- anterior inferior
- base of sacrum
- sacroiliac joint
- pelvic surface of sacrum
- pelvic brim
- pelvic inlet

ISCHIUM
- spine
- body
- ramus
- coccyx
- acetabulum
- obturator foramen

PUBIS
- superior ramus
- inferior ramus
- body
- symphysis

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2
Q

name the anterior and posterior ligaments of the the hip?

A

ANTERIOR
- iliofemoral ligament
- pubofemoral ligament

POSTERIOR
- ilofemoral ligament
- ischiofemoral ligament

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3
Q

what are the 4 bursae of the hip?

A
  1. iliopsoas
    - reduce friction between iliopsoas and articular capsule.
  2. deep trochanteric bursa
    - cushion between greater trochanter and gluteus maximus as its attachment to iliotibial tract (IT)
  3. gluteofemoral bursa
    - separates gluteus maximus from origin of vistas laterals
  4. ischial bursa
    - cushion ischial tuberosity where it passes over gluteus maximus
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4
Q

what are the muscles of the medial compartment of the leg?
(GAAAP)

A
  • pectinous
  • adductor Magnus, brevis, longus
  • gracilis
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5
Q

what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A
  • vastus lateralis & medialis
  • rectus femoris
  • vastus intermedius
  • quadriceps femoris
  • sartorius
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6
Q

name the hamstring group of muscles?

A
  • biceps femoris
  • long head
  • short head
  • semitendinosus
  • semiimembranosus
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7
Q

what are the 7 lateral rotators of the hip?

A
  1. gluteus minimus
  2. piriformis
  3. gemellus superior
  4. obturator internus
  5. obturator externus
  6. gemellus inferior
  7. quadratus femoris
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8
Q

what is myositis ossificans traumatica?

A
  • this is bone being laid down within muscles after a blunt blow to the area.
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9
Q

s/s of myositis ossificans traumatica?

A
  • pain
  • weakness
  • swelling
  • POT
  • decreased ROM & function
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10
Q

management of myositis ossificans traumatica?

A
  • refer to physician for x-ray.
  • possible surgery to remove.
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11
Q

what is acute femoral #?

A
  • a fracture that occurs over the middle third of the shaft that requires a great deal of force.
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12
Q

s/s of femoral fracture?

A
  • severe pain
  • swelling
  • crepitus
  • potential deformity
  • muscle guarding
  • hip is adducted (go to ER)
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13
Q

management for femoral #?

A
  • 911
  • immobilize w/ splint
  • surgery
  • ice
  • treat for shock
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14
Q

what is an avulsion fracture?

A
  • violent/ strong muscular contraction or overstretched.
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15
Q

s/s of a avulsion fracture?

A
  • pain
  • swelling
  • disability bc of limited AROM & weakness.
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16
Q

management for avulsion #?

A
  • PIER
  • refer to physical for X-RAY
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17
Q

where do avulsion fracture most commonly occur?

A
  • ischial tuberosity (hamstrings)
  • ASIS (sartorius)
  • AIIS (rectus femoris)
  • pubic ramus (adductors)
18
Q

what is femoral stress #?

  1. 2 regions where federal stress fractures happen?
A
  • overuse injury.
  • happens from excessive running dow hill or jumping.
  • seen in endurance athletes.
  1. femoral shaft
    - femoral neck
19
Q

s/s of femoral stress #?

A
  • persistent pain in thigh/ groin
  • X-ray/ bione scan reveal feature
  • postitive trendelenburgs
20
Q

what is a sprain of the hip joint?

A
  • force from an opponent/ object or trunk forced over a pronated foot in the opposite direction.
  • substantial support, any unusual movement exceeding normal ROM.
21
Q

s/s of sprain to hip joint?

A
  • inability to circumduct hip
  • similar s/s to stress fracture.
  • pain in hip region, w/ hip rotation increasing pain.
22
Q

management of sprain at the hip joint?

A
  • x-ray / MRI to rule out #
  • RICE
  • NSAIDS
  • ## CRUTCHES
23
Q

what is avascular nerosis?

A
  • permanent blood supply disturbed to the hip.
  • can be caused from hip dislocation..
24
Q

s/s avascular nerosis?

A
  • joint pain w/ weight bearing.
25
Q

management for avascular nerosis?

A
  • x-ray, MRI, CT
  • work to improve use of joint, prevent further damage
  • requires surgery.
  • ROM exercises to maintain ROM
26
Q

what is legg calve- perches disease?

A
  • avascular nerosis of the femoral head in child ages 4-10.
  • 25% are from trauma, 75% are non trauma.
27
Q

s/s of legg calve-perches?

A
  • pain in groin that can be referred to abdomen or knee.
  • limping
  • limited ROM
28
Q

management of legg calve-perches?

A
  • bed rest
  • brace, avoid direct weight bearing.
  • if aught early the head may reossify and revascularize.
29
Q

what is slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

A
  • growth plate is damaged in the femoral head.
  • boys aged 10-17, tall and thin or obese
  • 25% are seen in both hip.
30
Q

s/s of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

A
  • pain in groin that comes over weeks or months.
  • hip & knee pain during P&AROM.
  • limited abduction, flexion, medial rotation. limp
31
Q

what is osteitis pubis?

A
  • seen in long distance runners, soccer, football, wrestling.
  • repetitive stress on pubic symphysis and adjacent muscles.
32
Q

s/s of osteitis pubis?

A
  • chronic inflammation and pain groin
  • POT pubic tubercle
  • pain w/ running, sit-ups, squats.
33
Q

management of osteitis pubis?

A
  • rest
  • NSAIDS
  • stretch out adductors
34
Q

what is athletic pubalgia (sports hernia)?

A
  • pain from repetitive stress to the pubic symphysis from kicking, twisting or cutting.
  • weak tendons in hip flexors.
  • weakening of anterior wall and inguinal canal.
35
Q

what structures are affected in a sports hernia?

A
  • transversealis abdominis fascia
  • aponeurosis of obliques
36
Q

s/s of sports hernia?

A
  • chronic pain during exertion.
    sharp burning pain that then radiates laterally into adductors and testicles.
  • POT pubic tubercle.
  • increased pain w/
    resisted hip flexion
    internal rotation
    abdominal contraction
    resisted adduction
37
Q

management of a sports hernia?

A
  • massage, stretching after 1 week of surround musculature.
  • 2 weeks strengthening of abs and hip flexors and adductors
  • 3-4 weeks begin running progression
  • cortisone injection or tightening of the pelvic wall surgically.
38
Q

what is avulsion fracture and agpophysitis?

A
  • bone outgrowth
  • avulsions seen in sports w/sudden acceleration and deceleration
  • occurs at ischial tuberosity, AIIS, ASIS
39
Q

s/s of avulsion fracture and agpophysitis?

A
  • sudden localized pain/ limited movement.
  • pain, swelling, POT
  • muscle testing increases pain.
40
Q

management of avulsion fracture and agpophysitis?

A
  • -X-ray
  • RICE, NSAIDS
  • 2-3 weeks gradual stretching.
  • ROM exercises, then increase to pre grogram
  • RTP W/ full ROM and strength.

AET 273 (8 decks)

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