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AET 273 > elbow (final) > Flashcards

elbow (final) Flashcards

1
Q

what is the true elbow joint?

A
  • humeral ulnar
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2
Q

name the muscles that associate with the elbow in the upper arm?

A
  • F biceps tendon
  • F long and short head of biceps
  • P triceps tendon
  • P 3 muscles of triceps.
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3
Q
  1. where do the extensors originate? 2. where do flexors originate?
A
  1. extensors originate on the lateral epicondyle.
  2. flexors originate on the medical epicondyle.
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4
Q

what is a olecranon bursitis?

A
  • this is a direct blow on the posterior elbow, when falling to the ground and the elbow hits the ground, which is a result of fluid building up.
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5
Q

s/s for olecranon bursitis?

A
  • pain
  • rapid swelling
  • limited ROM
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6
Q

management for olecranon bursitis?

A
  • PIER
  • NSAIDS
  • if swelling persists then see a physician to aspirate the bursa.
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7
Q

MOI for elbow sprains?

A
  • FOOSH
  • hyperextension of the elbow
  • repetitive stresses.
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8
Q

s/s of a sprain in the elbow?

A
  • jt tenderness
  • Pain w/ PROM & AROM
  • jt laxity (+ valgus or varus stress test)
  • swelling and limited motion.
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9
Q

managements for elbow sprains?

A
  • PIER
  • NSAIDS
  • taping or bracing.
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10
Q

what is a ulnar collateral ligament injury?

A
  • this is a injury that results from a valgus force due to repetitive trauma.
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11
Q

MOI of UCL injury?

A
  • ulnar nerve inflammation
  • wrist extensor tendinitis
  • overuse flexor/pronator strain
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12
Q

s/s of UCL sprain?

A
  • pain along medial aspect of the elbow, tenderness over UCL
    • tinels sign (paresthesia)
  • pain w/ valgus stress test @ 20 degrees
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13
Q

management for a UCL sprain?

A
  • conservative treatment w/ RICE & NSAIDS.
  • can resolve with strengthen ing of flexors and pronators.
  • last resort Tommy John surgery. (palmaris longs muscle is removed to recreate UCL)
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14
Q

what is a MOI for elbow dislocation?

A
  • FOOSH
  • elbow forced into hyperextension.
    severe torsion or varus or valgus force at the elbow when it is in a fixed position
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15
Q

name 3 ways a elbow dislocation bone can be displaced?

A
  • anterior
  • posterior
  • laterally
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16
Q

what is a elbow dislocation?

A
  • this is where the ulna will come out of the humeral ulnar joint after or posteriorly or laterally.
17
Q

s/s of elbow dislocations?

A
  • swelling
  • severe pain
  • check that radial pulse is still present.
18
Q

what are complication of a elbow dislocation?

A
  • myositis ossificans and calcification of tissue around the jt.
  • decreased ROM from scar tissue
  • ulnar nerve entrapment by scar tissue.
  • damaged arteries and nerves
  • possible # of radial head.
19
Q

what is elbow osteochondritis dissecans?

A
  • degeneration of the articular cartilage in the elbow. the cartilage has been torn apart.
  • this is seen in young throwing athletes.
20
Q

what is a MOI for elbow OCD?

A
  • repetitive micro trauma w/ movements of rotation, extension, valgus stress causing compression of the radial head and shearing of the radiocapitular jt.
21
Q

s/s of OCD of the elbow?

A
  • sudden pain
  • locking
  • swelling
  • crepitus
  • decreased ROM
22
Q

management of OCD elbow?

A
  • activity restriction for 6-12 wks.
  • NSAIDS
  • splint or cast in severe cases
  • possible surgery.
23
Q

3 fractures of the elbow/ forearm?

A
  • distal humerus
  • proximal radius
  • proximal ulna
24
Q

what is volkmann’s ischemic contracture?

A
  • disruption to the blood vessels and nerves. this is also a complication of a elbow fracture.
25
Q

what deformity would you notice of someone with volkmann’s ischemic contracture?

A
  • wrist and the proximal finger joints are in extension.
  • distal finger joints in flexion.
26
Q

s/s of someone with volkmann’s ischemic contracture?

A
  • pain in forearm increased w/ passive extension of the fingers.
  • pain is followed by cessation of brachial and radial pulses.
27
Q

3 forces placed on the forearm from throwing sports?

A
  • medial tension
  • lateral compression
  • posterior compression
28
Q

overuse in throwing during adolescence growth period is. known as what?

A

little league elbow

29
Q

what is cubital tunnel syndrome?

A
  • ulnar nerve dislocation or subluxation.
  • this is also due to lax impingement or progressive compression of ligament on the nerve.
  • repetitive movement to the ulnar nerve
30
Q

s/s of cubital tunnel syndrome?

A
  • pain medial which may be referred proximally or distally
  • tenderness in cubital tunnel on palpation and hyper flexion
  • intermittent paresthesia in 4 and 5th finger.
31
Q

management of cubital tunnel syndrome?

A
  • rest immobilization for 2 weeks w/ NSAIDS
  • avoid values and hyper flexion stresses.
  • possible surgery with subluxation of nerve
32
Q

what is pronator teres syndrome?

A
  • entrapment of the medial nerve. this nerve may become entrapped due to oedema or muscle hypertrophy.
33
Q

s/s of pronator teres syndrome?

A
  • sensory deficits, numbness, tingling, pins & needles in digits 1-4 (half of the fourth digit.)
  • motor deficits, loss of flexion and weakness.
34
Q

management of pronator teres syndrome?

A
  • rest NSAIDS
  • modified activity.

AET 273 (7 decks)

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