Hip muscles (wk2) Flashcards
Describe the compartments of the thigh:
-Annotate diagram
-The anterior muscles are hip flexors when they contract over the front of the hip
-The posterior muscles are crossing behind the hip and high, when they contract they are hip extensors as they pull the femur backwards
-The medial muscles are hip abductors when they contract, pulling the femur inwards
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip flexors
-Iliacus and psoas major
-Iliacus -> O: starts from the medial aspect of the iliac crest, I: Joins in with the shared tendon of the Psoas major, In: Femoral nerve, F: Flex the torso and thigh
-Psoas major -> O: Starts from the Bernthal bodies of T12 down to L5, I: Joins into the same tendon on the lesser trochanter, In: Femoral nerve, F: Flex the hip
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip flexors
-Pectineus and rectus femoris
-Pectineus -> O: Starts from the pubis bone of the innominate bones, I: Inserts into the pectineal line on the femur, In: Femoral nerve, F: Helps to pull the leg forward due to its placing
-Rectus femoris -> O: Starts on the ASIS, I: Inserts into a tendon which joins at the top of the patella, In: Femoral nerve, F: Crosses straight across the front of the hip, so when it contracts its allowing hip flexion
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip flexors
-Sartorius
-Sartorius -> O: It starts at the hip, I: Wraps around the quadriceps and joins onto the knee at the tibia, In: Femoral nerve, F: It is a lateral/external rotator of the hip to bring your leg in a crossed position
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip extensors
-Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus
-Semimembranosus -> O: Ischial tuberosity, I: Fibula/tibia, In: Sciatic nerve, F: Extension
-Semitendinosus -> O: Ischial tuberosity, I: Fibula/tibia, In: Sciatic nerve, F: Extension
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip extensors
-Long head of biceps femoris muscle and gluteus maximus
-Long head of biceps femoris muscle -> O: Ischial tuberosity, I: Fibula/tibia, In: Sciatic nerve, F: Extension
-Gluteus maximus -> -> O: Starts on the ilium at the iliac crest, parts of the sacrum, I: Part of it attaches onto the femur and into the Iliotibial band, In: Inferior gluteal nerve, F: Extension
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip abductors
-Gluteus minimus and gluteus medius
-Gluteus minimus -> O: Attaches onto the gluteal surface of the ilium, I: Attaches onto the greater tuberosity and trochanter, In: Superior gluteal nerve, F: As it shortens and contracts, it pulls the muscle up and lifts it
-Gluteus medius -> O: Attaches from the gluteal surface of the ilium, I: Attaches onto the greater trochanter, In: Superior gluteal nerve, F: Abduction
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip abductors
-Gluteus maximus and tensor fascia latae
-Gluteus maximus -> O: Attaches from the iliac crest, I: Attaches into the tibia, In: Inferior gluteal nerve, F: Create abduction but also provide stability for extension at the knee joint
-Tensor fascia latae -> O: Attaches from the ilium, I: Attaches into the iliotibial band In: Superior gluteal nerve, F: Can balance out the ‘pull’ from the other muscles through a counteraction
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip adductors
-Adductor magnus and adductor longus
-Adductor magnus -> O: Ischium pubic ramus, I: Attaches into the linear aspera, In: Obturator nerve, F: Adduction
-Adductor longus -> -> O: Arises from the pubis, I: Attaches into the linear aspera (the middle portion), In: Obturator nerve, F: Adduction
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip adductors
-Adductor brevis and pectineus
-Adductor brevis -> O: Arises from the pubis, I: Attaches into the linear aspera, In: Obturator nerve, F: Adduction
-Pectineus -> O: Attaches from the pubis, I: Attaches onto the superior section of the linear aspera, In: Femoral nerve, F: Adduction
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip adductors
-Gracilis
-Gracilis -> O: Attaches from the pubis, I: Attaches into the anterior medial section of the top of the tibia, In: Obturator nerve, F: Adductor and knee flexor
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip internal rotators
-Gluteus minimus and gluteus medius
-Gluteus minimus -> O: The ilium between the inferior and anterior gluteal lines, I: Anterior section of greater trochanter, In: Superior gluteal nerve, F: Contract to create some internal tension
-Gluteus medius -> O: Ilium inferior to iliac crest, I: Lateral/superior section of greater trochanter, In: Superior gluteal nerve, F: Major abductor of thigh
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip internal rotators
-Tensor fascia latae
-Tensor fascia latae -> O: Anterior/superior iliac spine, I: Iliotibial band, In: Superior gluteal nerve, F: Help’s stabilize and steady the hip and knee joints
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip external rotators
-Obturator internus and obturator externus
-Obturator internus -> O: Obturator membrane, I: Greater trochanter, In: Nerve to the obturator internus, F: Rotates the thigh laterally
-Obturator externus -> O: Obturator membrane, I: Greater trochanter, In: Obturator nerve, F: Rotates the thigh laterally
Origin, insertion, innervation and function of hip external rotators
-Gemellus inferior and gemellus superior
-Gemellus inferior -> O: Upper part of the ischial tuberosity, I: Greater trochanter, In: Nerve to the quadratus femoris, F: Rotates the thigh laterally
-Gemellus superior -> O: Ischium of the pelvis/ischial spine, I: Greater trochanter, In: Nerve to the obturator internus, F: Helps abduct the flexed thigh
