Hip/knee joints Flashcards
1
Q
Bakers cyst
A
synovial fluid esdapes into popliteal fossa
2
Q
ligament sprains
A
most common knee injury
3
Q
unhappy triad
A
invovles the medial collateral ligament, medial meniscus and ACL
4
Q
anterior and posterior drawer signs
A
- Anterior - ACL tear - skiing accident
- Posterior - PCL tear - car accident
5
Q
Genu varum
A
bow leg
6
Q
genu valgum
A
knock knee
7
Q
Bursitis
A
- 12 bursae around the knee joint
- 4 communicate with knee joint
8
Q
Hip joint - General
A
- adapt for supporting body while providing significant degree of movement
- BALL and SOCKET joint
9
Q
Articular capsule of hip joint
A
- Strong dense fibrous structure
- thicker along anterior and upper parts; thinner posteriorly and inferior
- fibers circular and longitudinal
- fibers blend with those of other ligaments
10
Q
Zone orbicularis
A
consists of circular fibers along the neck of the femur
11
Q
Iliofemoral ligament
A
- largest, strongest and widest
- lies in front of the joint
- attaches to the AIIS and intertrochanteric line
- CHECKS HYPER-EXTENSION AND EXTERNAL ROTATION
- helps maintain ERECT POSTURE
12
Q
Pubofemoral Ligamanet
A
- attached to the superior ramus of pubis and obturator crest to the iliofemoral ligament
- CHECKS HYPEREXTENSION, ABDUCTION and EXTERNAL ROTATION
13
Q
Ischiofemoral ligament
A
- spiral arrangement
- attaches to the body of ischium to the femoral neck
- becomes TENSE DURING EXTENSION OF FEMUR
- CHECKS HYPEREXTENSION and INTERNAL ROTATION
14
Q
Ligament capitis femoris
A
- can be absent in people
- attaches to fovea capitis femoris to transverse ligament
- lies within the joint and covered by synovial membrane
- BECOMES TENSE when FLEXED THIGH IS ADDUCTED
15
Q
Acetabular labrum
A
- fibrocatilaginous rim attached to margin of acetabulum
16
Q
Transverse acetabular ligament
A
- continuation of acetabular labrum across the acetabular notch
- CONTAINS NO CARTILAGE CELLS
17
Q
Blood supply to Hip joint
A
- Obturator
- medial and lateral circumflex femoral
- inferior and superior gluteal
- 1st perforating
18
Q
Basal fracture of femur
A
- at base of neck (usually does NOT lead to necrosis of head)
19
Q
Subcapital fracture
A
- breaks vessels to head of femur
- causes necrosis of head of femur (avascular necrosis)
20
Q
Nerve supply to hip joint
A
- Femoral
- obturator
- superior/inferior gluteal
- sciatic
