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Anatomy Exam 3 > Hip, Ant. Med. Thigh > Flashcards

Hip, Ant. Med. Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

HIP JOINT

A

HIP JOINT

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2
Q

The femur articulates with the ________ proximal to form the hip joint; and with the _______ distally to form the knee joint.

A
  • acetabulum

- tibia

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3
Q

What are the parts of the femur?

A
  • Head
  • Neck
  • Greater trochanter
  • Lesser trochanter
  • Intertrochanteric line
  • Linea Aspira
    • pectineal line
    • gluteal tuberosity
  • Medial and Lateral supracondylar ridge
  • Medial and Later epicondyle
  • Medial and lateral condyle
  • Intercondylar fossa
  • Adductor tubercle
  • Patellar surface
  • Angles
    • angle of inclination
    • angle of torsion
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4
Q

The head of the femur and the _______ form the hip joint.

A

-acetabulum

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5
Q

The greater trochanter attaches what muscles?

A

-abductors and lateral rotators

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6
Q

The lesser trochanter is the attachment for what muscle?

A

-iliopsoas muscle

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7
Q

The intertrochanteric line is the attachment for what ligament?

A

-iliofemoral ligament

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8
Q

The linea aspira is the ridge on the posterior ______ and is the attachment for the _________

A
  • femur

- adductors

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9
Q
  • The linea aspira also includes the ________ line and the ________ tuberosity.
  • The pectineal line runs from the linea aspira to the ______ ________
  • The gluteal tuberosity runs from the linea aspira to the ________ __________
A
  • pectineal line, gluteal tuberosity
  • lesser trochanter
  • greater trochanter
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10
Q

The medial and lateral supracondylar ridge runs from the ____ _______ to medial and lateral __________

A
  • linea aspira

- medial and lateral epicondyles

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11
Q

The angle of inclination is the angle between the ____ and _____ of the femur, results in distal femur moving _______ to more effeciently support body weight when standing.

A
  • neck and shaft

- medially

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12
Q

The angle of torsion is the angle between the transverse axis of femoral ____/_____ and _______ _______, results in enhanced mobility of _____ and _____ joints.

A
  • head/neck and femoral condyles

- hip and knee joints

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13
Q
  • The q-angle is the angle between the _____ of the femur and the ______ of the tibia.
  • What does this determine?
A
  • shaft (or ASIS), shaft
  • determines valgus and varus at knee joint
    • valgus- knock knees
    • varus-bow legged
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14
Q

The articulation at the hip joint is formed by the ____ of the femur into the _________

A
  • head

- acetabulum

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15
Q

The acetabulum is large and deep due to:

  • high ___
  • cartilage _______- the opening inferiorly is filled by the _______ _________ ligament
  • ______ cartilage- open
  • _________ ___________ ligament filling in acetabular notch
A
  • rim
  • labrum, transverse acetabular ligament
  • lunate
  • transverse acetabular ligament
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16
Q

Unlike the shoulder, a significant portion (/) of femur head is located in the acetabulum

A

-1/2

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17
Q
  • The hip joint type is a synovial _____ __ _______

- It is the ______ most mobile joint in the body; sacrifice some mobility for stability

A
  • ball in socket

- second

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18
Q
  • The hip has a _____ joint capsule
  • spiral fiber pattern= ________
    • hip will tighten when extend to ________ stability but limit __________
    • hip will ______ when flexed to increase mobility
A
  • strong
  • Windlass
  • increase, hyperextension
  • loosen
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19
Q

What are the 4 ligaments associated with the hip joint?

A
  • iliofemoral
  • pubofemoral
  • ischiofemoral
  • ligament of head of femur
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20
Q
  • The iliofemoral ligament goes from the ______ ________ _____ _____ to the ____________ _____ of the femur.
  • The iliofemoral ligament limits the natural tendency of gravity to ___________ at the hip joint to facilitate standing.
A
  • anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS), intertrochanteric line
  • hyperextend
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21
Q

-The pubofemoral ligament is a thickening of the joint capsule ______ and ______ which limits ______ and _________ at the hip.

A
  • anterior and inferior

- abduction and external rotation

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22
Q

The ischiofemoral ligament is a thickening of the joint capsule _______ to limit _____________.

A
  • posterior

- internal rotation

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23
Q

The ligament of head of femur is not a true ligament but a _______ _______. It carries the ________ artery to the _____ of the femur.

A
  • vascular sheath

- obturator, head

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24
Q

What are the movements of the hip joint?

A
  • flex/extend/hyperextend
  • abduction/adduction
  • medial/lateral rotation
  • circumduction
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25
What is the bursa associated with the hip joint?
obturator internus bursa
26
ANTERIOR THIGH MUSCLES
ANTERIOR THIGH MUSCLES
27
What are the 4 main muscles of the anterior thigh?
- Pectineus - Iliopsoas - Sartorius - Quadriceps femoris
28
The iliopsoas is divided into what 2 muscles?
- Iliacus | - Psoas major
29
The quadriceps femoris is divided into what 4 muscles?
- rectus femoris - vastus lateralis - vastus medialis - vastus intermedius
30
Pectineus: -Attachment -The pectineus goes from the ___________ of the pubic bone to the ____________ of the femur. -Innervation -The pectineus muscle is ______ innervated by the _________ and _________ nerves -Action What actions does the pectineus muscle perform?
- superior ramus, pectineal line - dually innervated by the femoral and obturator nerves - flex, adduct, internally rotate femur at hip joint
31
Iliopsoas: (2 muscle parts) Iliacus -Attachment -The iliacus goes from the _______ to the ________ -Innervation -The iliacus is innervated by the __________ -Action -The iliacus acts to _____ the femur at the hip Psoas major - Attachment - The psoas major goes from the ________ and __________ vertebral _________ and ___________ to the ____________ of the femur - Innervation - The psoas major is innervated by the ____________ - Action - The psoas major acts to _____ the femur at the hip The Iliopsoas is ________ innervated
Iliacus - iliac fossa, lesser trochanter of the femur - femoral nerve - flex Psoas major - lower thoracic and upper lumbar bodies and transverse processes, lesser trochanter - lumbar plexus - flex dually
32
Sartorius: - Attachment - The sartorius goes from the _____ to the proximal ______ ________ _____= ____ _______ - Innervation - The sartorius is innervated by the _________ nerve - Action - The sartorius does what actions at the hip? - The sartorius does what actions at the knee? -What joint does the sartorius act on?
- ASIS, medial posterior tibia = pes anserinus - femoral - flex, external rotation, abduction - flex -knee and hip
33
Quadricep femoris: (4 muscles) Rectus femoris -Attachment -The rectus femoris goes from the ______ to the ________ -Innervation -The rectus femoris is innervated by the _________ -Action -The rectus femoris does what at the hip? -The rectus femoris does what at the knee? -What joint does the rectus femoris act on?
Rectus femoris - AIIS, quadriceps tendon - femoral nerve - flex the femur - extend the tibia -hip and knee
34
Quadricep femoris: (4 muscles) Vastus lateralis -Attachment -The vastus lateralis goes from the _____ to the _____________ -Innervation -The vastus lateralis is innervated by the ________ -Action -The vastus lateralis does what at the knee? What part of the vastus lateralis helps to stabilize the knee by keeping the patella centered over the knee joint?
- femur, quadriceps tendon - femoral nerve - extend vastus lateralis oblique = lateral retinaculum
35
Quadricep femoris: (4 muscles) Vastus medialis -Attachment -The vastus medialis goes from the ______ to the ____________ -Innervation -The vastus medialis is innervated by the _________ -Action -The vastus medialis does what at the knee? -What part of the vastus medialis helps to stabilize the knee by keeping the patella centered over the knee joint?
- femur, quadriceps tendon - femoral nerve - extend -vastus medialis oblique = medial retinaculum
36
Quadricep femoris: (4 muscles) Vastus intermedius -Attachment -The vastus intermedius goes from the ______ to the ____________ -Innervation -The vastus intermedius is innervated by the _______ -Action -The vastus intermedius does what at the knee? -What part of the vastus intermedius elevates the patellar bursa when leg is extending at knee?
- femur, quadriceps tendon - femoral nerve - extend -articularis genu
37
Force chains:
F chains
38
MEDIAL THIGH MUSCLES
MEDIAL THIGH MUSCLES
39
What are the 5 medial thigh muscles?
- Adductor longus - Adductor brevis - Adductor magnus - hamstring part (posterior) - adductor part (anterior) - Gracilis - Obturator externus
40
Adductor longus - Attachment - The adductor longus goes from the _______ to the __________ - Innervation - The adductor longus is innervated by the ________ - Action - What does the adductor longus do at the hip?
- body of pubis, linea aspira of the femur - obturator nerve - adduct, flex, medial rotate femur
41
Adductor brevis - Attachment - The adductor brevis goes from the ______ to the __________ - Innervation - The adductor brevis is innervated by the _________ - Action - What does the adductor brevis do at the hip?
- inferior ramus of pubis, linea aspira of femur - obturator nerve - adduct, flex, medial rotate femur
42
Adductor magnus: (2 muscle parts) Hamstring part (posterior) -Attachment -The hamstring part goes from the __________ to the ____________ -Innervation -The hamstring part is innervated by the __________ -Action -What does the hamstring part of the adductor magnus do at the hip? Adductor part (anterior) - Attachment - The adductor part goes from the ___________ to the ________________ - Innervation - The adductor part is innervated by the _________ - Action - What does the adductor part of the adductor magnus do at the hip? The adductor magnus is _____ innervated.
Hamstring part (posterior) - ischial tuberosity of ischium, adductor tubercle - tibial nerve (L4) - extend femur Adductor part (anterior) - inferior ramus of pubis, femur/linea aspira/medial supracondylar ridge - obturator nerve - adduct, flex, medial rotate femur -dual
43
The _________ is formed between the distal attachemnts of the ________ and ________ parts. It allows passage of the ________ and ________ from the anterior thigh to the posterior thigh.
- adductor hiatus - hamstring,adductor - femoral artery and vein
44
Gracilis - Attachment - The gracilis goes from the _______ to the ________________ - Innervation - The gracilis is innervated by the ________ - Action - What does the gracilis do at the hip? - What does the gracilis do at the knee?
- body of pubis, proximal medial and posterior tibia = pes anserinus - obturator nerve - adduct, flex, and medial rotate femur - flex
45
Obturator externus - Attachment - The obturator externus goes from the _________ to the ____________ - Innervation - The obturator externus is innervated by the _______ - Action - What does the obturator externus do at the hip?
- external surface obturator membrane, greater trochanter - obturator nerve - external rotation, abduction of the femur
46
FEMORAL TRIANGLE
FEMORAL TRIANGLE
47
Boundaries of the femoral triangle: - Superior:_______ _______ running from anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle - Medially: lateral border of ______ _______ ______ - Lateral/inferior: superior border of the ___________ - Floor: ______ and _________ muscles - Roof: skin and fascia of _____ -Retroinguinal space: The space between ________ ligament and hip bone that allows for passage of _______ and ______ vessels, as well as nerves from the pelvic cavity to the leg
- inguinal ligament - adductor longus muscle - sartorius muscle - iliopsoas and pectineus - thigh - inguinal - blood and lymph
48
What are the contents of the femoral triangle?
- Femoral nerve - Femoral artery and vein - Inguinal lymph nodes
49
The contents of the femoral triangle enter the inferior angle of the triangle which is called what?
-femoral canal = adductor canal
50
ADDUCTOR (FEMORAL) CANAL
ADDUCTOR (FEMORAL) CANAL
51
Borders of the adductor (femoral) canal: - Lateral: ____________ - Medial: _______ _______ and ________ - Roof: ______ -The adductor canal originates in the apex of the __________ -It terminates at the ____________ The adductor contains the _________ _______ and _____ as well as the _________ nerve (cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve)
- vastus medialis - adductor longus and magnus - sartorius - femoral triangle - adductor hiatus - femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerve
52
ARTERIES OF THE THIGH
ARTERIES OF THE THIGH
53
-The femoral artery runs from the ________ _______ artery at the inguinal ligament to ________ ______ where it becomes the ________ ______. Overall: ______→_______→________→________
- external iliac artery - adductor hiatus - popliteal artery -aorta→right and left common iliac→external iliac→femoral
54
The deep femoral artery is a branch that feeds the muscles of the ______ and _________ thigh and femur.
-medial and posterior
55
The obturator artery is a branch of the _______ _____ artery to the muscles of the ______ and ________ thigh Overall: ______→_________→________→________
- internal iliac - medial and posterior -aorta→right and left common iliac→internal iliac→superior and inferior gluteal + obturator artery
56
VEINS OF THE THIGH
VEINS OF THE THIGH
57
Femoral vein: Overall _______→___________→_________→________ -The deep vein drains into _________
- femoral→external iliac→common iliac→inferior vena cava | - femoral vein
58
Surface veins: -The ______ _______ vein joins the femoral to form the ______ ________ vein -lateral cutaneous vein
- great saphenous | - external iliac vein
59
NERVES
NERVES
60
The femoral nerve originates in the ________ division of ventral rami ___-___ of the ________ plexus.
- posterior - L2-L4 - lumbosacral
61
The femoral nerve exits the lumbar plexus and goes through the ______ muscle, it then crosses through the retroinguinal space and into the femoral triangle where it divides into branches to the _________. The terminal sensory branch of the femoral nerve is the _________ nerve. This nerve exits the femoral triangle with the femoral artery and vein and descends the thigh in the ___________. The saphenous innervates the _______/______ skin of the lower leg.
- iliopsoas - anterior thigh - saphenous - adductor canal - anterior/medial
62
The obturator nerve originates in the ______ division of ventral rami ___-___ of the _______ plexus.
- anterior - L2-L4 - lumbosacral
63
The obturator nerve exits the lumbar plexus and runs down through the _____________ via the ____________ and innervates the adductor muscles of the medial thigh.
- obturator membrane | - obturator canal

Anatomy Exam 3 (6 decks)

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