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MSK 2 > Hip Anatomy > Flashcards

Hip Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

angle of inclination of the femur

A
  1. Normal → 135 (125-140)
  2. Coxa Vara <120
  3. Coxa Valga →140
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2
Q

Angle of Anteversion of the femur

A

defined by neck and posterior borders of femoral condyles (in the transverse plane)

  • Normal → 10-15
  • Excessive → 40
    • anterior dislocation risk
    • more exposed femoral head
  • Retroversion
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3
Q

describe hip vascularture

A
  • Medial and Lateral Circumflex Arteries
    • ascending branches pierce capsule
    • ascend the neck
  • minor contributions from inferior and superior gluteal arteries
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4
Q

osseous structures of the pubis

A
  1. pubis
  2. superior pubic ramus
  3. inferior pubic ramus
  4. pubic tubercle
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5
Q

osseous structures of the ilium

A
  1. iliac crest
  2. anterior, posterior, medial borders
  3. gluteal surfaces
  4. iliac fossa
  5. sacropelvic surface
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6
Q

osseous structures of the ishium

A
  1. ischial ramus
  2. ischial tuberocity
  3. ischial spine
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7
Q

innominate angles

A
  1. inclincation of the acetablum → 45
  2. acetabular angle of anteversion
    • men → 14
    • women → 19
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8
Q

pelvic spaces, canals, and foramens

A
  1. gap between inguinal ligament and pelvis
  2. greater sciatic foramen (above and below piriformis)
  3. lesser sciatic foramen
  4. obturator canal
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9
Q

what contributes to stability at the hip?

A
  1. contact area of articulating surfaces > 1/2 sphere
  2. labrum
  3. vacuum effect
  4. thick capsule
  5. strong ligamentous structures
  6. transverse ligament of acetabulum
  7. joint angles
  8. muscular stability
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10
Q

arthrology of the femoral head

A
  1. spheroidal (or slightly ovoid)
  2. covered by AC (except ligamentum teres)
  3. contacts anteriolateral surface
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11
Q

arthrology of the acetabular surface

A
  1. Lunate surface
  2. incomplete ring (transverse acetabular ligament)
  3. contacts on anteriosuperior margin
  4. deficient inferiorly (opposite acetabular notch)
  5. acetabular fossa contains acetabular fat
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12
Q

Vascular supply and Innervation of the Labrum

A
  1. Vascularized in outer 1/3
    • blood vessels enter peripheral labrum from the capsule
    • inner 2/3 avascular
  2. Innervation
    • branches from nerve to quads and obturator nerve
    • nociception
    • proprioception
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13
Q

where is the hip capsule strongest?

A

thickest anteriosuperiorly

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14
Q

List the ligaments of the hip

A
  1. Iliofemoral ligament
  2. Pubofemoral ligament
  3. Ischiofemoral ligament
  4. Transverse Acetabular ligament
  5. Ligamentum Teres
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15
Q

describe the iliofemoral ligament

A
  1. strong, inverted Y
  2. anterior hip → between AIIS and acetabular rim to intertrochanteric line
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16
Q

describe the pubofemoral ligament

A
  1. triangular
  2. base → iliopubic eminence, superior pubic ramus, obturator crest, obturator membrane
  3. distal → deep fibers of medial iliofemoral ligament
17
Q

describe the ishiofemoral ligament

A
  1. posterior
  2. three parts:
    • central (greater trochanter to ishium just posterioinferior acetabulum)
    • lateral and medial wind around femoral neck
18
Q

ligaments of the hip during → flexion

A

ischiofemoral, pubofemoral and iliofemoral are all slackened

19
Q

ligaments of the hip during extension

A

all ligaments taut (wind around femoral neck)

inferior band of iliofemoral ligament most taut (checks posterior tilt of pelvis)

20
Q

ligaments of the hip during Adduction

A
  • superior band of IF is sig tightended, inferior band of IF slightly taut
  • PF relaxes
  • IsF stretched
21
Q

ligaments of the hip during Abduction

A
  • superior band of IF is loosened, inferior band of IF taut
  • PF taut
  • IsF tenses
22
Q

ligaments of the hip during External/Internal Rotation

A
  • External Rotation → anterior ligaments become taut
    • IsF becomes slackened
  • Internal Rotation → opposite
23
Q

Anterior Hip musculature paired with nerve roots

A
  1. Psoas Major → L1-3
  2. Psoas Minor → L1
  3. Iliacus → L1-4
  4. Sartorius → L2, 3
  5. Quadriceps Femoris → L2-4
  6. TFL → L4-5
  7. Gracilis → L2, 3
  8. Adductors → L2-4
  9. Pectineus → L2-4
24
Q

Posterior Hip musculature paired with nerve roots

A
  1. Glut Max → L5-S2
  2. Semitendinosus and Semimembranous → tibial division L5-2
  3. Biceps femoris
    • long head → tibial portion L5-S2
    • short head → fibular portion L5-S2
  4. Glute Medius → L5/S1
  5. Glut Min → L5/S1
25
Q

Resting and Closed Packed position of the Hip

A
  1. Resting → ~30 flexion, abduction and slight ER
  2. Closed pack → full extension with abduction and IR

MSK 2 (20 decks)

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