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Kines Exam 1 > Hip > Flashcards

Hip Flashcards

1
Q

What is the osteology of the coxofemoral joint and what type of joint is it?

A

Ilium, ischium, pubis with the femur

Ball and socket

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2
Q

Acetabulum has a lunate surface and covered in hyaline cartilage in order to do what?

A

Articulates with head of femur and increases depth

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3
Q

What is the normal angle of inclination?

Why is this angle important?

A

-Serves to optimize joint surface
-Axis through femoral head/neck and longitudinal axis of femoral shaft
Normal = >125

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4
Q

What is coxa valga?

A

increase in inclination

>125

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5
Q

What is coxa vara?

A

decrease in inclination

<125

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6
Q

A decrease in femoral neck-shaft angle (coxa vara) or angle of inclination along with a high body mass index may result in what?

A

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis in adolescents

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7
Q

What is the angle of torsion?

A

occurs in transverse plane

Axis through femoral head/neck and distal femoral condyles

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8
Q

What is the normal degree of anteversion at the hip?

A

8-20 (15 optimal)

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9
Q

What are the ramifications of excessive anteversion?

A
  • Increased angle of torsion
  • reduce hip joint stability
  • associated with increased hip IR and decreases ER
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10
Q

What is retroversion?

A
  • Decreased angle of torsion
  • Associated with increased hip ER and decreased IR
  • May cause impingement
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11
Q

What are the ramifications of Excessive retroversion?

A
  • Excessive anteversion in children may be associated with “in-toeing” gait
  • This is a compensation that aims to improve joint congruency (see red dots)
  • Overtime this may cause shortening of muscles and ligaments crossing hip and reduced ER of the hip
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12
Q

What are some common acetabular abnormalities?

A

Acetabular dysplasia - shallow acetabulum

Coxa profunda/acetabular overcoverage - acetabulum excessively covers the femoral head

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13
Q

What is the difference between a CAM lesion and a pincer lesion in regards to hip impingement?

A

CAM - extra bone on the femoral head
-Impingement occurs on bulge of femoral head against acetabulum
-IR with flexion max impingement
Pincer - extra bone of anterior-lateral rim of acetabulum
-Flexion and IR causes premature abutment of femur against acetabulum

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14
Q

What is the bending moment of the femur?

A

Superiorly - tensile forces

Inferiorly - compressive forces

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15
Q

What are the trabecular systems?

A
  • Provide structural resistance
  • Strongest where they cross at right angles
  • Zone of weakness = thin and do not cross
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16
Q

What structures provide stability at the hip joint?

Hip joint capsule -

A
  • Substantial contributor to hip joint stability

- Thickened anterosuperiorly (predominate stress occurs)

17
Q

What structures provide stability at the hip joint?

Iliofemoral

A
  • Anterior stability
  • Controls IR/ER
  • Tighten with hyperextension
18
Q

What structures provide stability at the hip joint?Pubofemoral -

A
  • Controls ER in ext

- Tighten with hyperextension

19
Q

What structures provide stability at the hip joint?

Ishiofemoral -

A
  • Restraint to IR

- Tighten with hyperextension

20
Q

What structures provide stability at the hip joint?

Transverse acetabular ligament -

A

Protects blood vessels that travel beneath to head of femur

21
Q

What structures provide stability at the hip joint?

Acetabular labrum -

A
  • Wedge shaped
  • Deepens concavity
  • Seal to maintain (-) intra articular pressure
22
Q

What structures provide stability at the hip joint?

Ligamentum Teres -

A
  • Blood supply to femoral head

- Excessive ER can strain/tear

23
Q

Describe the osteo of the hip joint.

A

Flex/ext
Abd/Add
Er/IR

24
Q

Describe the arthrokinematics of the hip joint.

A 
Flex - Ant roll/post glide
Ext - Post roll/ant glide
Abd - Superior roll/inferior glide  
Add - Inferior roll/superior glide 
IR - Anterior roll/posterior glide
ER - Posterior roll/anterior glide
25
Q

Anterior/Posterior pelvic tilt (motion of pelvis on femur)

A

Closed kinetic chain:
Sagittal plane
Anterior tilt = Anterior roll and glide
Posterior tilt = posterior roll and glide

26
Q

Lateral tilt (motion of pelvis on femur)
If Left leg is stance leg:
Right pelvis hike results in -
Right pelvic drop results in -

A

Right pelvis hike results in - abduction at L hip

Right pelvic drop results in - adduction at L hip

27
Q

Lateral tilt (motion of pelvis on femur) arthro -

A

Closed kinetic chain:
Frontal plane
Abduction = superior roll and glide
Adduction = inferior roll and glide

28
Q

Forward/backward rotation pelvis moving on femur:
What plane?
When do we see this?

A
  • Transverse plane
  • Closed kinetic chain
  • Single limb support during gait
29
Q

Forward rotation pelvis moving on femur arthro -

A

Forward rotation - side of pelvis opposite stance leg moves anteriorly -> IR of stance hip
-Anterior roll and glide

30
Q

Backward rotation of pelvis moving on femur arthro -

A

Backward rotation - side of pelvis opposite to stance leg moves posteriorly -> ER of stance hip
-posterior roll and glide

31
Q

Describe the open pack position and capsular pattern at the hip joint.

A

Open pack = 30 flexion, 30 abduction, neutral to slight ER

capsular pattern = IR = Flex = Abd

32
Q

What muscles help perform an anterior pelvic tilt?

A

Anterior - hip flexor and low back extensors work as force-couple
-Increased lumbar lordosis

33
Q

what muscles assist with a posterior pelvic tilt?

A

Posterior - Hip ext and abdominal muscles work as force couple
-Decrease lumbar lordosis

34
Q

Why do the abdominals need to fire in order for us to perform a straight leg raise without compensation?

A

Abdominals must produce strong enough posterior pelvic tilt to neutralize the anterior pelvic tilt exerted by hip flexors

35
Q

What is the Tredelenberg sign? What does it indicate?

A
  • If standing on one leg, pelvis drops on side opposite to stance leg
  • Glute med/min weakness on stance leg
36
Q

What can you do at the pelvis to maximize a hamstring and/or rectus femoris stretch?

A

Hamstring - anterior pelvic tilt

Rectus femoris - posterior pelvic tilt

Kines Exam 1 (15 decks)

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