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Anatomy practical 3 > Hip > Flashcards

Hip Flashcards

1
Q

Nerves of the hip

A
  • Femoral nerve
  • Obturator nerve
  • Sciatic nerve
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2
Q

Anterior muscles of the hip

A

One joint muscles:
-Iliopsoas

Two joint muscles:

  • Rectus femoris
  • Sartorius
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3
Q

Medial muscles of the hip

A

One joint muscles:

  • Pectineus
  • Adductor Magnus
  • Adductor Longus
  • Adductor Brevis
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4
Q

Posterior muscles of the hip

A

One joint muscles:

  • Gluteus maximus
  • deep rotators (6)

Two joint muscles:

  • Semimembranosus
  • Semitendinosus
  • Biceps femoris
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5
Q

Lateral muscles of the hip

A

One joint muscles:

  • Gluteus medius
  • Gluteus minimus

Two joint muscles:
-Tensor Fascia Latae

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6
Q

Hip motion

A 
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
External/internal rotation
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7
Q

Hip fractures

A
  • Subcapital neck fracture
  • Transcervical neck fracture
  • Intertrochanteric fracture
  • Subtrochanteric fracture
  • Fracture of the greater trochanter
  • Fracture of the lesser trochanter
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8
Q

Hip pathologies:

Iliotibial Band Syndrome (IBS)

A

-inflammation of the iliotibial band (ITB) causes outer knee pain and possible pain in the hip

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9
Q

Hip bone referred to as:

A

innominate bone (ilium, ischium, and pubis fused together)

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10
Q

Hip joint is very important in:

A

weight-bearing and walking activities

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11
Q

End feel of all hip joint motions, except flexion is:

A

firm because of tension in the capsule, ligaments, and muscles

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12
Q

End feel for hip joint flexion:

A

soft because of contact between the anterior thigh and the abdomen

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13
Q

Open-packed position for the hip is:

A

30 degrees of flexion, 30 degrees of abduction, and a small degree of lateral rotation

this is the position where maximal joint surface movement is possible

hip joint is a convex-on-concave articulation

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14
Q

Iliopsoas Muscle

A

O- iliac fossa, anterior and lateral surfaces of T12 through L5
I- lesser trochanter
A- Hip Flexion and trunk flexion?
N- iliacus portion: femoral nerve (L2, 3), Psoas major potion: L2, 3

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15
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

O- AIIS
I- Tibial tuberosity
A- hip flexion, knee extension
N- femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)

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16
Q

Sartorius muscle

A

O- ASIS
I- Proximal medial aspect of tibia
A- combination of hip flexion, abduction, lateral rotation, and knee flexion
N- Femoral nerve (L2, 3)

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17
Q

Pectineus Muscle

A

O- superior ramus of pubis
I- pectineal line of femur
A- hip flexion and adduction
N- femoral nerve (L2, 3)

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18
Q

Adductor Longus Muscle

A

O- pubis
I- middle third of the linea aspera
A- hip adduction
N- obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4)

most superficial of the adductors

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19
Q

Adductor Brevis Muscle

A

O- pubis
I- pectineal line and proximal linea aspera
A- hip adduction
N- obturator nerve (L2, 3)

20
Q

Adductor Magnus muscle

A

O- ischium and pubis
I- entire linea aspera and adductor tubercle
A- hip adduction
N- obturator and sciatic nerve (L2, 3, 4)

largest and deepest of the adductors

21
Q

Gracilis muscle

A

O- pubis
I- anteromedial surface of proximal end of tibia
A- hip adduction
N- obturator nerve (L2, 3)

22
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

O- posterior sacrum and ilium
I- posterior femur distal to greater trochanter and to iliotibial band
A- hip extension, hyperextension, lateral rotation, (abduction also?)
N- inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Largest muscle of the body

23
Q

Semimembranosus Muscle (thin one on top of it-ish)

one of the 3 “hamstring muscles” that cover the posterior thigh

A

O- ischial tuberosity
I- posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia
A- hip extension and knee flexion
N- sciatic nerve - tibial division (L5, S1, S2)

24
Q

Semitendinosus Muscle (thick one on cadaver)

one of the 3 “hamstring muscles” that cover the posterior thigh

A

O- Ischial tuberosity
I- anteromedial surface of proximal tibia
A- hip extension and knee flexion
N- sciatic nerve - tibial division (L5, S1, S2)

25
Q

Biceps Femoris Muscle

one of the 3 “hamstring muscles” that cover the posterior thigh

A

O- Long head: ischial tuberosity
Short head: lateral lip of linea aspera
I- fibular head
A- Long head: hip extension and knee flexion
Short head: knee flexion
N- Long head: sciatic nerve - tibial division (L5, S1, S2)
Short head: common fibular (perineal) nerve (L5, S1, S2)

26
Q

Gluteus Medius Muscle

A

O- outer surface of the ilium
I- lateral surface of the greater trochanter
A- hip abduction
N- Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

27
Q

Gluteus Minimus Muscle

A

O- lateral surface of the ilium
I- anterior surface of the greater trochanter
A- hip abduction, medial rotation of hip
N- superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

deep to the medius

28
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle

A

O- ASIS
I- Lateral condyle of tibia (inserts into tibia via iliotibial band)
A- combined hip flexion and abduction
N- superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

29
Q

Common hip pathologies:

A
  • Congenital hip dislocation or dysplasia: occurs when an unusually shallow acetabulum causes the femoral head to slide upward, the joint capsule remains intact though stretched
  • Legg-Calve Perthes disease or coxa plana: femoral head undergoes necrosis, usually seen in children between 5-10 years
  • Slipped capital femoral epiphysis: seen in children during the growth-spurt years, the proximal epiphysis slips from its normal position on the femoral head
  • Coxa valga: neck-shaft angle greater than 125 degrees, makes limb longer, hip ends up being placed in an adducted position during weight-bearing
  • Coxa vara: neck-shaft angle is less than the normal 125 degrees, involved limb becomes shorter, dropping the pelvis on that side during weight-bearing
30
Q

Anteversion

A

increase in angle of torsion which forces the hip joint into a more medially rotated position, person walks more “toed-in”

31
Q

Retroversion

A

decrease in the angle of torsion, forces the hip joint into a more laterally rotated position, causing the person to walk more “toed-out”

32
Q

Pathology: Hip pointer

A

-occurs at the pelvis, not the hip joint
-is a severe bruise caused by direct trauma to the iliac crest of the pelvis
can be seen in almost any contact sport but most commonly with football

33
Q

Longest and heaviest bone in the body?

A

femur

34
Q 
Which is NOT a muscle of the quadriceps femoris group?
vastus intermedius
vastus medialis
rectus femoris
biceps femoris
A

biceps femoris

35
Q

What are the muscles of the quadriceps femurs group?

A

vastus medialis
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
rectus femoris

36
Q

*what muscles insert into the greater trochanter?

A

*illiopsoas, illiosacus, and psoas major?

37
Q

which muscle is strained/sprained the most when they sprint?

A

biceps femoris

38
Q

Deep Rotator muscles (6):

A

O- anterior sacrum, ischium, pubis
I- greater trochanter area
A- hip lateral rotation
N- many, look at table 18-3

PGOGOQ (superior to inferior)

39
Q

Piriformis

A

attachments:

innervations:

40
Q

Obrturator externus

A

attachments:

innervations:

41
Q

Obturator internus

A

attachments:

innervations:

42
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

attachments:

innervations:

43
Q

Gemellus superior

A

attachments:

innervations:

44
Q

Gemellus inferior

A

attachments:

innervations:

45
Q

Which muscle is known for compressing sciatic nerve?

A

piriformis

Anatomy practical 3 (9 decks)

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