Ankle joint and foot Flashcards
Functional aspects of the foot
hinfoot
midfoot
forefoot
Ankle motions
plantar flexion/dorsiflexion (sagittal plane)
inversion/eversion (frontal plane)
adduction/abduction (transverse plane)
supination (plantar flexion, inversion, and adduction)
pronation (dorsiflexion, eversion, and adduction)
ankle joints
talotibial joint
subtalar joint
transverse tarsal joint
foot joints
metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP)
proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP)
distal interphalangeal joints (DIP)
Foot motion
MTP: flexion, extension/hyperextension, adduction/abduction
PIP and DIP: flexion and extension
Joint capsule (foot/ankle?)
deltoid ligament (4 parts)
lateral ligament (3 parts)
Arches (4)
medial longitudinal arch
lateral longitudinal arch
transverse arch
look at slides
Plantar ligaments and aponeurosis
spring ligament, long plantar ligament, short plantar ligament, plantar aponeurosis
Muscles of the ankle and foot: superficial posterior group
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
muscles of the ankle and foot: deep posterior group
tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus
Soleus muscle
O-posterior tibia and fibula
I- posterior calcaneus
A- ankle plantar flexion
N- tibial nerve (S1,2)
Plantaris muscle
O-posterior lateral condyle of femur
I- posterior calcaneus
A- very weak assist in knee flexion and ankle plantar flexion
N- tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Tibialis Posterior Muscle
O- interosseous membrane, adjacent tibia and fibula
I- navicular and most tarsals and metatarsals
A- ankle inversion; assists in plantar flexion
N- tibial nerve (L5, S1)
Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle (more lateral)
O- posterior fibula and interosseous membrane
I- distal phalanx of the great toe
A- flexes great toe; assists in inversion and plantar flexion of the ankle
N- tibial nerve (l5, S1, S2)
Flexor Digitorum Longus muscle (more medial)
O- posterior tibia
I- distal phalanx of four lesser toes
A- flexes the four lesser toes; assist in ankle inversion and plantar flexion of the ankle
N- tibial nerve (L5, S1)