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OCS > Hip > Flashcards

Hip Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Angle of Inclincation of the Femur?

A
  • Angle between the femoral neck and shaft

- 150 deg in Infants - 125 in Adults - 120 in elderly

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2
Q

What is the Angle of Torsion of the Femur?

A
  • Angle between the axix of Femoral Condyle and the Femoral Neck
  • 12-15 degrees in Adults
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3
Q

What are the Three Primary Ligaments of the HIp?

A
  • Iliofemoral Ligament (Y ligament of Bigalow)
  • Pubofemoral Ligament
  • Ischiofemoral Ligament
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4
Q

What is common MOI of Groin Pulls?

A
  • Sports that require quick acceleration or direction changes
  • Commonly the Adductor Longus
  • Grade 1 and 2 most common
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5
Q

What is best treatment for Groin Pulls?

A
  • Active Strengthening of the Adductors

- Should be 80% of the strength of the ABductors to avoid reinjury

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6
Q

Describe Iliopectineal Bursitis

A
  • Bursitis of Bursa deep to iliopsoas tendon
  • Common with Osteo and Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Painful Passive Hip Flexion and Adduction, and Passive Hip Extension
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7
Q

Describe Ischial Tubersity Bursitiis

A
  • Occurs in people with sedentary occupations
  • Sometimes after a direct fall on the ischial tuberosity
  • Palpation over Ischial Tuberosity and Hamstring Stretching is painful
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8
Q

What is the Sign of the Buttock?

A
  • No increase in Hip Flexion Angle during SLR when the knee is bent and further hip flexion is attempted
  • Indicates pathology of the buttock
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9
Q

Describe Clinical Signs of a Hip Pointer

A
  • Disabling Pain

- Athlete flexed toward the side of injury to avoid stretching it

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10
Q

How is Myositis Ossificans Treated?

A
  • Early on, RICE
  • Once pain and swelling decrease, gentle ROM
  • Avoid aggressive stretching for 4 months
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11
Q

What is Snapping Hip Syndrome?

A
  • Also Known as Coxa Saltans
  • Occurs commonly in female athletes
  • Complaint of clicking greater than pain
  • Treated with stretching of involved tissues
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12
Q

What is Osteitis Pubis?

A
  • Chronic inflammation of the Pubic Symphysis
  • Caused by repetitive stress of the muscels that attach to Pubic Symphysis
  • X rays show widening of the symphysis and can appear “moth eaten” in chronic cases
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13
Q

How are Acetabular Labral Tears Identified and Treated?

A
  • Fitzgeralds Labral Test, Impingment Test

- Treated with Reduced Weight Bearing and Crutches x 4 weeks, if no change, may require surgery

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14
Q

What are common special tests for Piriformis Syndrome?

A
  • Frieberg Test
  • Pace Test
  • FAIR Test
  • Beattie Test
  • Lee Test
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15
Q

What is Meralgia Parasthetica and How is it Treated?

A
  • Nerve entrapment of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
  • Tight fitting garments or heavy tool belt usually the cause
  • Treated with Rest and Removal of Causative Factor
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16
Q

What is Hamstring Syndrome?

A
  • Entrapment of the Sciatic Nerve by Adhesions in the Hamstrings
  • Caused by Repetitive Hamstring Strain
17
Q

How does Superior Gluteal Nerve Become Entrapped?

A
  • As it passes through Greater Sciatic Notch and Piriformis

- Pain in Gluteal Area and Tenderness to Palpation just lateral to Greater Sciatic Notch

18
Q

What is a Malgaigne Fracture?

A
  • Double Vertical Fractur of the Pelvis
  • Usually Superior and Inferior Pubic Ramus and ipsilateral SIJ dysfunction
  • Makes Pelvis Unstable
19
Q

What are the Total Hip Precautions?

A
  • Hip Flex > 90
  • Internal Rotation
  • Adduction past midline
20
Q

What are the outcome differences between Anterolateral and Posterior Approach for THA?

A
  • Anterolateral has less risk of Dislocation but requires more time to full weight bearing because of Glut Med Integrity
  • Posterior approach at higher risk for dislocation but faster recovery times
21
Q

What are some Contraindications for Posterior Approach THA?

A
  • Dementia, Mental Retardation, etc.

- Times when patient unable to follow precautions well

22
Q

What is Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip?

A
  • Developmental Abnormality resulting in possible Subluxation and Dislocation of the hips in infants
  • Tested with Barlow, Ortolani, and Galeazzi Special Tests
  • Treated with Pavlik Harness or Surgical Reduction if needed
23
Q

What is Legg Calve Perthes?

A
  • Idiopathic avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis in children
  • Most Common between the ages of 4 and 8
  • Children over Age 6 has worse prognosis than <6
  • When Lateral Pillar of the femur has decreased height or there is a loss or ROM, worse prognosis as well
24
Q

What is Treatment for Legg Calve Perthes?

A
  • observation alone, activity restriction, partial weight bearing, traction, and physical therapy
  • Maintain ROM
  • Surgical Procedures include osteotomy and are typically performed on children with poor prognosis for conservative treatment
25
Q

What is Typical Presentation of Legg Calve Perthes?

A
  • Painless Limp
  • Groin, Hip, Thigh Pain
  • Loss of Internal Rotation and Abduction
26
Q

What is Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis?

A
  • Disorder of the proximal femoral physis that leads to slippage of the epiphysis relative to the femoral neck
  • Occurs most often in obese males
  • Usually treated with Percutaneous Pinning
27
Q

What is the typical presentation of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis?

A
  • Groin, Thigh, and Knee Pain
  • Externally Rotated Hip in Gait
  • Loss of Internal Rotation, Abduction and Flexion
28
Q

What is Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency?

A
  • Congenital Defect of the proximal femur
  • Results in possible Absent Hip, Absent Femur, or shortened Femur
  • Severe Shortening of one or both legs, percentage of shortening remains constant with growth
  • Can be treated with observation (in bilateral cases) or with surgical lengthening or ampuation depending on severity
29
Q

Describe Genu Varum Progression in Children

A
  • Genu varum (bowed legs) is normal in children less than 2 years
  • Genu varum migrates to a neutral at ~ 14 months
  • Peak genu valgum (knocked knees) at ~ 3 years of age
  • Genu valgum then migrates back to normal physiologic valgus at ~ 4 years of age
30
Q

What are Infantile and Adolescent Blounts Disease?

A
  • Progressive pathologic genu varum centered at the tibia
  • Infantile < 3
  • Adolescent > 10
  • Treated with bracing with KAFO in children < 3 and Osteotomy Children > 3
31
Q

What Degree of Hip Flexion do you test the adductors in to differentiate specific muscle (groin) strain?

A
  • 0 Deg - Gracilis
  • 45 Deg - Adductor Longus and Brevis
  • 90 Deg- Pectineus

OCS (13 decks)

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