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Hinduism Flashcards

1
Q

When was Hinduism created?

A

1500 BCE

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2
Q

How popular is Hinduism (e.g. 1st, 2nd)?

A

3rd most popular religion

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3
Q

Who created Hinduism?

A

No known founder

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4
Q

What are the four Vedas?

A

Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda, Atharva Veda

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5
Q

What does the Rig Veda consist of?

A

Songs that praise gods, they discuss Reality, Truth, Universe, War, Weddings, and Rituals

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6
Q

What does the Yajur Veda consist of?

A

Sacrificial rites and rituals

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7
Q

What does the Sama Veda consist of?

A

“Sweet song that destroys sorrow”, targeted at gods

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8
Q

What does the Atharva Veda consist of?

A

Charms and curses

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9
Q

What are gurus/sages?

A

Hindu leaders who teach traditions and truths

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10
Q

What river did Hinduism begin at?

A

Indus

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11
Q

When compared to other religions, how old is Hinduism?

A

Hinduism is the oldest active religion

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12
Q

What are the seven beliefs?

A

One universal soul, An immortal individual soul, Karma, Moksha, Dharma, the Vedas, and Cyclical time

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13
Q

What is Brahman?

A

The universe and everything contained within it. It is formless and genderless

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14
Q

What is the concept of Atman?

A

Atman is your soul, which carries on into body after body. Actions in one life affect your next

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15
Q

What is Karma?

A

Actions in the past and future affect the situation of your life

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16
Q

What is Moksha?

A

The goal of breaking out of the reincarnation cycle and realizing your oneness with Brahman

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17
Q

What is the Moksha prayer?

A

“Lead me from the unreal to the real”

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18
Q

What is the concept of Cyclical Time?

A

There is no beginning or end of time, but it is split into four stages that form a cycle. The stages add up to 4.32 million years

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19
Q

What happens in the final stage of Cyclical Time?

A

Humans destroy the Earth and it starts over

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20
Q

What stage of Cyclical Time do Hindus believe we are in?

A

The fourth and final stage

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21
Q

What is Dharma?

A

Each living thing’s duty in life. Your duty depends on your age and role, and if you follow it, the universe remains in balance

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22
Q

What are the Upanishads?

A

Sequels to Vedas that add clarity to the Vedas. They are philosophy books that show how you are your Atman, not your current body and life

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23
Q

When were the Upanishads written?

A

800-500 BCE, or up to 1000 years after the Vedas

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24
Q

What are the Puranas?

A

Less divine versions of Vedas - they are 18 encyclopedias of Hindu beliefs

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25
What do the Puranas cover?
Yoga, taxes, caste system, hell, gods, etc.
26
What is the Gita?
Book about a warrior (Arjuna) who doesn’t fight, but does after Lord Krishna teaches him about Dharma
27
What is the lesson from the Gita?
Follow your Dharma despite your difficulties
28
What is the Ramayana?
An adventure book about Prince Rama and his monkey sidekick, Hanuman. Rama faces exile, battles, has wife abducted
29
What is the Mahabharata?
Longest poem in the world - 5x the length of the bible and 8x the length of the iliad and Odyssey combined
30
What is the lesson from both the Ramayana and Mahabharata?
Dharma allows society to function properly
31
What are the four life goals?
Dharma, Artha, Kama, Moksha
32
What is Artha?
The pursuit of prosperity and a good reputation
33
What is Kama?
Pleasure/Healthiness in the body and mind
34
What are the six temptations?
Kama, Krodha, Lobha, Moha, Mada, and Matsarya
35
What is Kama (temptation)?
Lust and Materialism
36
What is Krodha?
Anger
37
What is Lobha?
Greed
38
What is Moha?
Unrealistic attachment to things, people, and power
39
What is Mada?
Pride
40
What is Matsarya?
Jealousy
41
Who makes up the Trinity of Gods?
Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva
42
What is Brahma’s role?
Creator - made the universe but isn’t everything inside of it
43
What is Vishnu’s role?
Preserver - Preserves the world until Shiva destroys it
44
What is Shiva’s role?
Destroyer - Demolishes the universe for the end of each cycle
45
Which god has four heads that face North, East, South and West, and what do they represent?
Brahma - 4 Vedas and yugas
46
What does Brahma hold?
Book, symbolic of knowledge
47
Which god rides the nameless swan?
Brahma
48
Why does Vishnu hold a discus?
To cut people who try to mess with Dharma
49
Which god holds a conch that represents victory and the five elements?
Vishnu
50
Which god rides the eagle?
Vishnu
51
What is the eagle’s name?
Garuda
52
What is significant about Shiva’s third eye?
If it opens, your face melts off when you look at it
53
Which god rides a bull?
Shiva
54
What is the bull’s name?
Nandi
55
Who is Ganesha?
Shiva’s son
56
Who has an elephant head and why?
Ganesha, because Shiva cut off his head
57
What is Ganesha’s role?
To remove obstacles
58
What is the job of avatars?
To fix bad Dharma through divine intervention
59
What is the Caste System?
Decides your class based on birth
60
Who is at the top of the Caste System?
Brahmins (Priests)
61
Who is second on the Caste System?
Kshatriyas (Warriors)
62
Who is third on the Caste System?
Vaisnyas (Traders)
63
Who is fourth on the Caste System?
Shudra (Laborers)
64
What texts does the Caste System come from?
The Gita and Rig Veda
65
What texts changed the Caste System from ability based to birth based?
The laws of Manu
66
When were the Laws of Manu written?
5th century BC
67
What is the first rule of the laws of Manu?
Brahmin are lords
68
What is the second rule of the law of Manu?
Moving castes is forbidden
69
What is the lowest rank of the Caste System?
Untouchables
70
When compared to the US, what is yoga considered to be in Hinduism?
A discipline
71
How does Shiva destroy the world?
By dancing
72
What area of the world is Hinduism most prevalent?
India

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