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World History > Buddhism > Flashcards

Buddhism Flashcards

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1
Q

When did Buddhism start?

A

2500 years ago

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2
Q

How popular is Buddhism (e.g. 1st, 2nd)?

A

4th largest

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3
Q

How many followers does Buddhism have?

A

520 million (7% of the world’s population)

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4
Q

When was Siddhartha Gautama born?

A

480 BCE

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5
Q

What present day country was Siddhartha Gautama born in?

A

Nepal

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6
Q

Why did the king protect his son from the world?

A

He wanted to hide the prince from all suffering so that he would want to be the king one day

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7
Q

How old was Siddhartha Gautama when he first went outside the palace?

A

29

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8
Q

What was the first human suffering Siddhartha saw?

A

An old man

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9
Q

What was the second human suffering Siddhartha saw?

A

A sick man

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10
Q

What was the third and final human suffering Siddhartha saw?

A

A dead man

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11
Q

What happened after Siddhartha first encountered suffering?

A

He spiraled into an existential crisis

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12
Q

Who did Siddhartha see that made him want to change his entire life?

A

A homeless, content monk

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13
Q

How long did Siddhartha fast once he became a monk?

A

6 years

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14
Q

What did Siddhartha Gautama discover after fasting in the wilderness with the monks?

A

Enlightenment is between luxury and starvation

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15
Q

What did Siddhartha do after discovering the truth about where Enlightenment lies?

A

He ate

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16
Q

What tree did Siddhartha meditate under?

A

The Bodhi Tree

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17
Q

What happened after Siddhartha meditated under the tree?

A

He became the Buddha

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18
Q

What is the Buddhist term for “Enlightenment”?

A

Nirvana

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19
Q

What is Dukkha?

A

Suffering

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20
Q

What are the 4 Noble Truths?

A

Life is Dukkha, Dukkha is caused by Desire, Dukkha ends, and the Eightfold Path ends Dukkha

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21
Q

What is included in the first Noble Truth?

A

Life is Dukkha - dissatisfaction. Dukkha can be sickness, death, unwanted change, and not getting what you want

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22
Q

What is included in the second Noble Truth?

A

Dukkha is caused by Desire. People cling to impermanent parts of life, leading to everyone wanting more. The Buddha taught people to enjoy what you have.

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23
Q

What is included in the third Noble Truth?

A

Dukkha ends - Since we cause Dukkha, we can end it, too

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24
Q

What is included in the fourth Noble Truth?

A

The Eightfold Path ends Suffering. Pretty self explanatory :)

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25
Q

What are the parts of the Eightfold Path?

A

Having the Right View, Thought, Speech, Action, Livelihood, Effort, Mindfulness, and Concentration.

26
Q

What is Right View?

A

Accepting the 4 Noble Truths

27
Q

What is Right Thought?

A

Replace negative thoughts with positive ones

28
Q

What is Right Speech?

A

Focus on and use positive words instead of negative, which cause Dukkha to YOU and OTHERS.

29
Q

What is Right Action?

A

Practice Ahimsa. Don’t hurt yourself, others, and animals.

30
Q

What is Right Livelihood?

A

Primarily focused on having a JOB that doesn’t hurt animals or others, but can apply to being an honest/kind friend, partner, and family member

31
Q

What is Right Effort?

A

Put effort into having good thoughts (Right Thought)

32
Q

What is Right Mindfulness?

A

Pay attention/Be in the moment. Don’t judge or label your experiences, as they may bring you out of the moment

33
Q

What is Right Concentration?

A

Focusing on a single thing during meditation. Gives insight

34
Q

Which 3 of the Eightfold Path applies to meditation?

A

Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration

35
Q

What is Ahimsa?

A

Nonviolence

36
Q

What is the Sanskrit translation for “Karma”?

A

Actions with consequences

37
Q

What is Samsara?

A

The cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth in Buddhism

38
Q

What is Nirvana?

A

A state of mind where you escape Samsara, is the ultimate goal

39
Q

How long did the Buddha live after reaching Nirvana?

A

45 years, where he spread the word of Nirvana

40
Q

Who were the Sangha?

A

Siddhartha’s community of monks or loyal followers

41
Q

What did the Sangha do after Siddhartha died?

A

They spread his teachings as far as they could reach

42
Q

What happens if you have good enough Karma when you die?

A

You can be reborn as a god

43
Q

What are the two types of Buddhism?

A

Theraveda and Mahayana

44
Q

Which of the two types of Buddhism is the oldest?

A

Theraveda

45
Q

What does Theraveda translate to?

A

“School of the Elders”

46
Q

What type of Buddhism uses texts called Suttas?

A

Theraveda

47
Q

What are the Suttas?

A

Ancient oral teachings of the Buddha

48
Q

What language are the Suttas written in?

A

Pali

49
Q

What is the term for the Suttas when they are all grouped together?

A

Pali canon. They have less rituals, see Buddha as a human

50
Q

What countries is Theraveda Buddhism located in?

A

Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos

51
Q

What does Mahayana translate to?

A

“Great Vehicle”

52
Q

Which of the two types of Buddhism has more texts and teachings?

A

Mahayana

53
Q

What is the main belief of Mahyana Buddhism?

A

Bodhisattva

54
Q

What are the Bodhisattva?

A

Enlightened beings that remain on Earth to help others reach Nirvana

55
Q

Where is Mahayana Buddhism practiced?

A

Nepal, Mongolia, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Tibet

56
Q

What is the sub - branch of Mahayana Buddhism?

A

Vajrayana

57
Q

What does Vajrayana translate to?

A

“Diamond Vehicle”

58
Q

What is another name for Vajrayana Buddhism?

A

Tibetan Buddhism

59
Q

What practices does Vajrayana Buddhism have to speed up the journey to Nirvana?

A

Mantras, Mandalas, Secret Rituals, Incantations and Deep Mediation

60
Q

What are the teachers of Vajrayana, and who is the leader?

A

Lamas, leader is the Dalai Lama

61
Q

What area of the world is Buddhism most prevalent?

A

East Asia and China

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