hindbrain (brainstem)

Question 1

what are the hindbrain’s components?

Answer 1

-myelencephalon: medulla +PONS (lower brain stem)
-metencephalon: cerebellum

Question 2

what are the functions of the myelencephalon\brainstem?

Answer 2

• function of the cranial nerves: The brainstem is the origin or termination point for most cranial nerves, which are essential for the sensory and motor functions of the head and neck.

Posterior (Dorsal) Side: Primarily sensory functions.
Anterior (Ventral) Side: Primarily motor functions.

-The brainstem controls various autonomic reflexes that regulate essential bodily functions like Swallowing, coughing, sneezing, and vomiting.

• reticular formation function: (reticular formation A network of interconnected neurons throughout the brainstem that plays a key role in regulating several vital functions.)

Control of Sleep/Waking, Arousal, and Consciousness
Contains Nuclei for Neurotransmitters:

-PONS
Links cerebellum with rest of the brain – control of movement
sleep regulation
hearing+balance

-Medulla
Control of vital functions (breathing and cardiovascular system)

Question 3

What symptoms do you expect when the lower brainstem is disconnected from the rest of the brain(myenchephalon)? i.e. intact hind brain & spinal cord - Low decerebrate

Answer 3

Sensory input cannot reach rest of the brain:
low consciousness
Narcolepsy,
Muscle rigidity
Persistent vegetative state

Question 4

what symptoms do u expect when u have damage to the reticular formation(myenchephalon)?

Answer 4

unconciousness

Question 5

what symptoms do u expect when u have damage to the medulla(myenchephalon)?

Answer 5

stop breathing
your heartbeat stops bruh

Question 6

what are the functions of the Metencephalon/Cerebellum?

Answer 6

-it Receives input from the vestibular system(in the ear\balance) and from the sensory receptors of trunk and limbs
-Motor coordination and motor learning
-Integration of motor function with mental processes
-Posture/balance

Question 7

What symptoms do you expect from cerebellar lesions(Metencephalon)?

Answer 7

• Problems with equilibrium, postural reflexes
  -problems with Skilled motor activity (wobbly cat video)

Question 8

what is postural support?

Answer 8

it performs units of movements, such as licking. when it is stimulated, it shows exaggerated standing, postural reflexes, and elements of sleepwalking behaviour.(major function of hindbrain)