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VETS1021: Locomotion (Horse) > Hind Limbs > Flashcards

Hind Limbs Flashcards

1
Q

The ___ runs on top of the patella

A

Tesoro fasciae latae

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2
Q

Muscles of the rump and cranial thigh include (2)

A

-tensor fasciae latae
-quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius)

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3
Q

Four heads of the quadriceps femoris

A

-rectus femoris
-vastus lateralis
-vastus medialis
-vastus intermedius

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4
Q

Quadriceps femoris (2)

A

-shorter and fatter than dog
-not needed during rest when patella is locked

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5
Q

Hamstrings are similar to the dog but

A

With vertebral attachments/origins

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6
Q

Muscles of the caudal thigh include (2)

A

-hamstrings (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus)
-gluteofemoralis

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7
Q

Biceps femoris is part of ___ and has ___

A

Hamstrings; a cranial and caudal head

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8
Q

Hamstring muscles include

A

-biceps femoris
-semitendinosus
-semimembranosus

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9
Q

Gluteofemoralis muscle insertion

A

Lateral patellar ligament

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10
Q

Biceps femoris insertion

A

Tibia, crural fascia via tarsal tendon on calcaneus

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11
Q

Fibrotic myopathy is

A

Mechanical lameness

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12
Q

Insertion of semitendinosus muscle

A

Cranial borer of tibia, crural fascia via tarsal tendon on calcaneus

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13
Q

Patellar ligaments of the stifle joint

A

-medial patellar ligament
-intermediate patellar ligament
-lateral patellar ligament

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14
Q

The ___ attach menisci to the tibia

A

Meniscotibial ligaments

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15
Q

Ligaments that make up the stifle

A

-cruciate ligaments (caudal and cranial)
-collateral ligaments (medial and lateral)
-meniscotibial ligaments (craniomedial, craniolateral, caudomedial, caudolateral)

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16
Q

The lateral menisci has an additional ___ called ___

A

Ligament; meniscofemoral ligament

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17
Q

The meniscofemoral ligament

A

Attaches the lateral meniscus to the femur

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18
Q

The horse cannot

A

Independently flex the hock

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19
Q

Flexion/extension of the hock are locked in parallel with the ___ via the ___

A

Stifle; reciprocal apparatus

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20
Q

Dorsolateral muscles of the crus include (4)

A

-long digital extensor
-lateral digital extensor
-peroneus tertius
-tibialis cranialis

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21
Q

The long digital extensor is called ____ in the front limbs

A

Common digital extensor

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22
Q

Long Digital Extensor (origin/insertion)

A

O: lateral condyle of the femur
I: extensor process of distal phalanx (P1), secondarily on proximal and middle phalanges (P2 and P3)

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23
Q

Which two muscle originate on the lateral condyle of the femur

A

-long digital extensor
-peroneus tertius

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24
Q

What four muscles make up the Common Calcaneal Tendon

A

-Gastrocnemius (lateral and medial head)
-Superficidal Digital Flexor
-Biceps femoris
-Semitendinosus

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25
Q

The common digital extensor is called ____ in the hind limb

A

Long Digital Extensor

26
Q

Lateral Digital Extensor (origin/insertion)

A

O: lateral collateral ligament of the stifle and near the tibia/fibula
I: joint on long extensor tendon

27
Q

Peroneus Tertius (origin/insertion)

A

O: lateral condyle of the femur
I: 4 branches on all tarsal bones (except T1 and T2) and on MT3

28
Q

Peroneus tertius muscle is part of the

A

Reciprocal apparatus

29
Q

Tibialis cranialis (origin/insertion)

A

O: lateral condyle and tuberosity of tibia
I: dorsal branches on T3 and proximal end of MT3, medial branch on T1 and T2

30
Q

What forms multiple bands of deep fascia covering extensor tendons?

A

Extensor retinaculums

31
Q

Extensor retinaculums of the hock joint

A

-proximal (tibial) extensor retinaculum
-intermediate (tarsal) extensor retinaculum
-distal (metatarsal) extensor retinaculum

32
Q

What is used for palpation for injection of the distal intertarsal joint

A

Cunean tendon

33
Q

Flexor muscles of the crus include (7)

A

-lateral digital flexor
-tibialis caudalis
-superficial digital flexor
-medial digital flexor
-deep digital flexor
-popliteus
-soleus

34
Q

Lateral Digital Flexor (origin/insertion)

A

O: caudal surface of tibia with tibialis caudalis
I: P3 (coffin bone)

35
Q

Tibialis Caudalis (origin/insertion)

A

O: caudal surface of tibia with lateral digital flexor
I: P3 (coffin bone)

36
Q

Medial Digital Flexor v

A

O: lateral tibial condyle
I: P3 (coffin bone)

37
Q

The lateral digital flexor, tibialis caudalis, and medial digital flexor (4)

A

-extend hock
-flex digits
-tendons combine to pass over the sustentaculum tail
-join with the DDFT in metatarsus

38
Q

What muscle is under the lateral collateral ligament of the stifle

A

Popliteus

39
Q

Popliteus (origin/insertion)

A

O: lateral condyle of femur
I: caudomedial border of the tibia

40
Q

Soleus (origin/insertion)

A

O: proximal end of fibula
I: proximal to the calcaneal tendon

41
Q

Superficial Digital Flexor (origin/insertion)

A

O: supracondylar fossa of the femur
I: calcaneal insertions, P1 and P2

42
Q

Gastrocnemius (origin/insertion)

A

O: medial and lateral heads, supracondylar tuberosities of the femur
I: calcaneal tuber

43
Q

The calcaneal bursa is between

A

Bone and tendon

44
Q

Three calcaneal bursae

A

-intertendinous calcaneal bursa
-gastrocnemius calcaneal bursa
-subcutaneous calcaneal bursa

45
Q

The subcutaneous calcaneal bursa is located

A

Between the skin and SDFT

46
Q

Which calcaneal bursa(e) are present at birth

A

Intertendinous and gastrocnemius

47
Q

The intertendinous and gastrocnemius calcaneal bursae communicate

A

Laterally

48
Q

Which bursa is acquired (ie. not present at birth)

A

Subcutaneous calcaneal bursa

49
Q

Calcaneal bursa infection is also called

A

Sepsis

50
Q

Deep plantar metatarsal fascia (3)

A

-in the hindlimb only
-between the two splint bones
-limits swelling

51
Q

Which artery is palpable in the hindlimb

A

Dorsal metatarsal artery

52
Q

Major arterial blood supply in hindlimb

A

External iliac —> femoral —> popliteal —> cranial tibial —> dorsal pedal —> dorsal metatarsal —> distal perforating branch —> digital

53
Q

Main vein in the hindlimb is

A

Medial saphenous

54
Q

Nerves that supply the hindlimb arise from the

A

Lumbosacral plexus

55
Q

Motor nerves of the hindlimb include (7)

A

-sciatic
-femoral
-obturator
-cranial gluteal
-caudal gluteal
-common peroneal
-tibial

56
Q

The sciatic nerve divides into

A

-common peroneal nerve
-tibial nerve

57
Q

The common peroneal nerve divides into

A

-superficial branch
-deep branch

58
Q

The tibial nerve divides into

A

-medial plantar
-lateral plantar

59
Q

The deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve is in close proximity to the

A

Suspensory ligament

60
Q

In the hindlimb, digital vessels have

A

More collateral circulation than in the forelimb

61
Q

The forelimb does NOT have ____ nerves

A

Dorsal digital nerves

VETS1021: Locomotion (Horse) (8 decks)

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