high yield Flashcards
Stanford Prison Experiment
Power, deindividuation
Limes Study
All people would give obvious wrong response, CONFORMITY
Milgram Shock Experiment
Obediance, need an authority figure, if learner got it wrong they would get shocked (learner was in on it)
Robbers Cave Study
Conflict and ingroup/outgroup, had boys compete (Lord of the Flies)
Visual Pathway
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
Auditory Pathway
Medial geniculate pathway
Operant conditioning
punishment, reward
Interval
Time interval (reinforcement)
Ratio
repetitions (reinforcement)
Fixed
Consistent reinforcement delivery
Variable
long lasting, intense
Shacter-Signer theory
event causes cognitive appraisal to cause emotional response OR event causes physiological response to cause emotional response, Shacter two factor, 2 factors to emotional response need both cognitive and physiological
BAT-D for NREM
Beta (most active), Alpha (nod off) Theta (more deep), Delta (deeper wave sleep)
Weber’s law
contrast perception, just noticeable difference JND comparing 2 stimuli (ratio) JND = Difference/original stimulus, then must be told the data in order to determine if you can tell the difference (above ratio can tell the difference, below you can’t!)
When do you select “cannot determine”?
when you have 2 competing trends, cuz you can’t decide which trend is more important
7 neurotransmitters
glutamate - brain excitatation
Acetylcholine- voluntary muscle control, parasympathetic nervous system, attention, alertness
epi/norepi - fight/flight, wakefullness, alertness
dopamine - smooth movements, postural stability
serotonin - mood, sleep, eating, dreaming
GABA, glycine - brain “stabilization”
Endorphins - natural painkillers
“hydraulically powered”
F1d1 = F2d2
Adiabatic process
No heat passes through boundaries of the system, big slope of adiabatic curve
Isochoric process
No work is transferred to system from surroundings
Isothermal process
Temperature is constant, small slope of hyperbolic curve
Isobaric process
Pressure remains the same
Relate U, Q, W by the first law of thermodynanics
/\U=Q-W
Equation of area of a trapezoid
A=((b1+b2)/2)h
Conversion from atm to Pa
1 atm=10^5 Pa
Q>0
Endothermic system
Q<0
Exothermic system
W (work) >0
System performs work, expansion
W<0
Work is done on the system (compression)
/\ U>0
Temperature increases
/\U <0
Temperature decreases
Bernoulli’s principle
Pi+0.5pv^2 +pghi =Pf+0.5pv^2+pghf
Continuity equation for flow speed
AiVi=AfVf
Cross sectional area
Density of water
1000kg/m^3
If a tank is open to the air, what is the pressure in the tank?
Same throughout, so cancel final and initial pressure from Bernoulli’s principle
Main solubility rules
All salts of group 1 metals and all nitrate salts are soluble
% composition by mass
= mass of solute/mass of solution ×100
Molarity
Moles of solute/L of solution
Molality
Moles of solute/kg of solution
What are the only times we use molality
For boiling point elevation and freezing point depression
Normality
Molarity of the stuff of interest
Dilution equation
M1v1=m2v2
Solubility constants “K” are dependent on
Temperature
Effect of pressure on Ksp
High pressure favors dissolution of gas solutes
Ion product (reaction quotient) Q
Basically ksp at a specific point in time not at equilibrium
Q
Unsaturated
Q=Ksp
Equilibrium=saturated
Q>Ksp
SuperSaturated, thermodynamically unstable and will spontaneously precipitate out
Raoult law
Vapor pressure depression caused by solutes in solution. As solute is added to a solvent vapor pressure decreases proportionately
If you lower vapor pressure, what must be done to match atmospheric pressure
Raise temp or boiling point
Boiling point elevation and freezing point depression equations
/\T=iKm
I= vont Hoff factor #particles a compound dissociated into
