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Peeb MCAT > Acid-base > Flashcards

Acid-base Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

-ide

A

hydro- -ic acid

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2
Q

-ite

A

-ous acid

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3
Q

-ate

A

-ic acid

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4
Q

ClO-

A

hypochlorite

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5
Q

ClO2-

A

Chlorite

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6
Q

ClO3-

A

Chlorate

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7
Q

ClO4-

A

Perchlorate

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8
Q

NO2-

A

Nitrite

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9
Q

NO3-

A

Nitrate

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10
Q

CO3 2-

A

Carbonate

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11
Q

SO4 2-

A

Sulfate

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12
Q

PO4 3-

A

Phosphate

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13
Q

BO3 3-

A

Borate

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14
Q

CrO4 2-

A

Chromate

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15
Q

CH3COO-

A

Acetate

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16
Q

HClO

A

Hypochlorous acid

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17
Q

HClO2

A

Chlorous acid

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18
Q

HClO3

A

Chloric acid

19
Q

HClO4

A

Perchloric acid

20
Q

HNO2

A

Nitrous acid

21
Q

HNO3

A

Nitric acid

22
Q

H2CO3

A

Carbonic acid

23
Q

H2SO4

A

Sulfuric acid

24
Q

H3PO4

A

Phosphoric acid

25
Q

H3BO3

A

Boric acid

26
Q

H2CrO4

A

Chromic acid

27
Q

CH3COOH

A

Acetic acid

28
Q

Strong acids

A 
HCl - hydrochloric acid
HBr - hydrobromic acid
HI - hydroiodic acid
H2SO4 - Sulfuric acid
HNO3 - nitric acid
HClO4 - perchloric acid
29
Q

Strong bases

A

NaOH - sodium hydroxide
KOH - potassium hydroxide
other soluble hydroxides of Group IA metals

30
Q

Strong acid + strong acid =

A

salt + water (resulting solution = 7), ions formed in reaction will not react with water cuz they are inert conjugates

31
Q

Strong acid + weak base

A

salt, no water formed cuz weak bases are not hydroxides

32
Q

weak acid + strong base

A

PH - basic range cuz the salt hydrolyses with formation of hydroxide ions,

33
Q

weak acid + weak base

A

depends on the strengths of the reactants (Ka and Kb), so if KaKb then solution is acidic and there will be more hydronium ions

34
Q

acid equivalent

A

equal to 1 mole of H+ ions

35
Q

base equivalent

A

equal to 1 mole of OH- ions

36
Q

polyvalent

A

each mole of the acid or base liberates more than 1 acid or base equivalent

37
Q

common polyvalent acids

A

H2SO4, H3PO4, H2CO3

38
Q

common polyvalent bases

A

Al(OH)3, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2

39
Q

titration

A

to determine concentration of a known reactant in solution, add small volumes of a solution of known concentration (titrant) to a known volume of a solution of unknown concentration (titrand) until completion of the reaction at the equivalence point

40
Q

equivalence point

A

when the number of equivalents of acid and base are equal

41
Q

equivalence point for strong acid + strong base

A

pH = 7

42
Q

equivalence point for strong acid + weak base

A

pH < 7

43
Q

equivalence point for weak acid + strong base

A

pH > 7

44
Q

buffer solution

A

mixture of weak acid and its salt (conjugate base + cation) or mixture of weak base and its salt (conjugate acid + anion), resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added

Peeb MCAT (7 decks)

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