Acid-base

Question 1

-ide

Answer 1

hydro- -ic acid

Question 2

-ite

Answer 2

-ous acid

Question 3

-ate

Answer 3

-ic acid

Question 4

ClO-

Answer 4

hypochlorite

Question 5

ClO2-

Answer 5

Chlorite

Question 6

ClO3-

Answer 6

Chlorate

Question 7

ClO4-

Answer 7

Perchlorate

Question 8

NO2-

Answer 8

Nitrite

Question 9

NO3-

Answer 9

Nitrate

Question 10

CO3 2-

Answer 10

Carbonate

Question 11

SO4 2-

Answer 11

Sulfate

Question 12

PO4 3-

Answer 12

Phosphate

Question 13

BO3 3-

Answer 13

Borate

Question 14

CrO4 2-

Answer 14

Chromate

Question 15

CH3COO-

Answer 15

Acetate

Question 16

HClO

Answer 16

Hypochlorous acid

Question 17

HClO2

Answer 17

Chlorous acid

Question 18

HClO3

Answer 18

Chloric acid

Question 19

HClO4

Answer 19

Perchloric acid

Question 20

HNO2

Answer 20

Nitrous acid

Question 21

HNO3

Answer 21

Nitric acid

Question 22

H2CO3

Answer 22

Carbonic acid

Question 23

H2SO4

Answer 23

Sulfuric acid

Question 24

H3PO4

Answer 24

Phosphoric acid

Question 25

H3BO3

Answer 25

Boric acid

Question 26

H2CrO4

Answer 26

Chromic acid

Question 27

CH3COOH

Answer 27

Acetic acid

Question 28

Strong acids

Answer 28

HCl - hydrochloric acid
HBr - hydrobromic acid
HI - hydroiodic acid
H2SO4 - Sulfuric acid
HNO3 - nitric acid
HClO4 - perchloric acid

Question 29

Strong bases

Answer 29

NaOH - sodium hydroxide
KOH - potassium hydroxide
other soluble hydroxides of Group IA metals

Question 30

Strong acid + strong acid =

Answer 30

salt + water (resulting solution = 7), ions formed in reaction will not react with water cuz they are inert conjugates

Question 31

Strong acid + weak base

Answer 31

salt, no water formed cuz weak bases are not hydroxides

Question 32

weak acid + strong base

Answer 32

PH - basic range cuz the salt hydrolyses with formation of hydroxide ions,

Question 33

weak acid + weak base

Answer 33

depends on the strengths of the reactants (Ka and Kb), so if KaKb then solution is acidic and there will be more hydronium ions

Question 34

acid equivalent

Answer 34

equal to 1 mole of H+ ions

Question 35

base equivalent

Answer 35

equal to 1 mole of OH- ions

Question 36

polyvalent

Answer 36

each mole of the acid or base liberates more than 1 acid or base equivalent

Question 37

common polyvalent acids

Answer 37

H2SO4, H3PO4, H2CO3

Question 38

common polyvalent bases

Answer 38

Al(OH)3, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2

Question 39

titration

Answer 39

to determine concentration of a known reactant in solution, add small volumes of a solution of known concentration (titrant) to a known volume of a solution of unknown concentration (titrand) until completion of the reaction at the equivalence point

Question 40

equivalence point

Answer 40

when the number of equivalents of acid and base are equal

Question 41

equivalence point for strong acid + strong base

Answer 41

pH = 7

Question 42

equivalence point for strong acid + weak base

Answer 42

pH < 7

Question 43

equivalence point for weak acid + strong base

Answer 43

pH > 7

Question 44

buffer solution

Answer 44

mixture of weak acid and its salt (conjugate base + cation) or mixture of weak base and its salt (conjugate acid + anion), resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added