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World History > High Middle Ages > Flashcards

High Middle Ages Flashcards

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1
Q

Simony

A

Bishops sold positions in the church

One of the problems w the church that reformers wanted to fix

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2
Q

Friar

A

Like monks but preached to poor and travelled. Owned nothing and lived by begging

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3
Q

Dominicans

A

One of the earliest order of Friars

Many were scholars

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4
Q

Francis of Assisi

A 
Founded Franciscans (order of Friars)
Treated all creatures including animals as spiritual brothers and sisters
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5
Q

Romanesque

A

Style of architecture many churches were built with

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6
Q

Gothic

A

Style of architecture

Spread throughout Europe in early 1100s

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7
Q

Cathedral

A

Larger churches in city areas

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8
Q

Urban II

A

Pope that called for the first crusade

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9
Q

Crusades

A

“Holy wars” whose purpose were to gain back Jerusalem
Some worked some didn’t
Led to bitterness between Islam and Christianity
Increased persecution of Jews
Increased trade w west
Weakened power of pope and feudal nobility so power of kind increased

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10
Q

Reconquista

A

Spanish tried to drive Muslims out of Spain in a Spanish crusade

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11
Q

Inquisition

A

Court held by church to suppress heresy

Isabella and Ferdinand used it to increase their power after unifying Spain under Christianity

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12
Q

Three-field system

A

System farmers used where had 3 fields
2 were used while one rested
Increased food so healthy people so more people

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13
Q

University

A

Revival of learning led to more universities

New ideas and expressions

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14
Q

Vernacular

A

A way an author can write
Language of where they’re from
Could be different than the common language (Latin)

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15
Q

Dante

A

Wrote the Divine Comedy in Italian (vernacular)

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16
Q

Chaucer

A

Wrote The Canterbury Tales in English (vernacular)

17
Q

Aquinas

A

Argued most basic religious truths could be proved by logical arguments
He and others used info of Aristotle to debate ideas
Teachings influenced thought of Western Europeans

18
Q

Scholastics

A

Aquinas and fellow scholars that met at great universities

19
Q

Edward the Confessor

A

His death led to the Norman conquest

20
Q

William the Conqueror

A

Duke of Normandy

Claimed English crown and invaded bc cousin of edward who died

21
Q

Norman Conquest

A

William took over England after the battle of Hastings

22
Q

Battle of Hastings

A

Battle between Normans and Anglo-Saxons that resulted in Normans gaining control of England

23
Q

Eleanor of Aquitaine

A

Henry II added to land holdings in England and France by marrying her

24
Q

King John

A

Son of Henry II
Lost Normandy and all other northern French lands
Cruel ruler - very high taxes and alienated church
Actions led to Magna Carta

25
Q

Magna Carta

A

Guaranteed certain basic political rights for every citizen

26
Q

Edward I

A

King that created parliament

27
Q

Parliament

A

Legislative group

Two branches: House of Commons and House of Lords

28
Q

Estates-General

A

Church leaders, Great lords, commoners/merchants meet

Increased Royal power over nobles but limited King’s power

29
Q

Avignon

A

Clement V moved from Rome to here and popes lived here for next 69 years
The move weakened the church

30
Q

Great Schism

A

Two popes excommunicated each other

French pope in Avignon and Italian pope in Rome

31
Q

Bubonic plague

A

Plague that wiped out 1/3 of Europe

Effects: manorialism, decrease in pop and trade, Jews blamed, peasant revolts, church suffered

32
Q

Longbow

A

Changed the warfare of 100 years war
Helped English win at Crècy, Poitiers, and Agincourt
End of chivalric warfare

33
Q

Hundred Years War

A

Century of war between England and France that led to the end of medieval society in Europe
Changed style of warfare

34
Q

Joan of Arc

A

Young peasant girl that had visions of kicking England out of France
Made French win at Orleans
Captured and burned at stake for being a witch

35
Q

Reform

A

To change something

Church reform

World History (15 decks)

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