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World History > China & Japan > Flashcards

China & Japan Flashcards

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1
Q

Huang He

A

Yellow River north

Deposits fertile silt

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2
Q

Yangtze

A

Other major river
Fertile
South

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3
Q

Mandate of Heaven

A

Ruler has divine approval

Any natural disasters showed God didn’t like ruler or decision so they could be overthrown

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4
Q

Loess

A

Fertile silt/silt from the yellow (huang he) River

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5
Q

Dynastic Cycle

A

Dynasty comes to power
Becomes strong
Becomes corrupt; high taxes => less power
Disasters like floods, famine, revolts, invasions
Dynasty believed to have lost the Mandate of Heaven
Overthrown through rebellion
New dynasty emerges

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6
Q

Great Wall

A

Built to keep out invaders in the north and west
Protected trade routes
Many people lost their lives building it
Started construction during Qin dynasty

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7
Q

Sui dynasty

A

Overthrown by peasants who were tired of doing dangerous free labor for the Grand Canal
581-618

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8
Q

Grand canal

A

Built during Sui
Connects Huang He and Chang Jiang
Helped with trade

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9
Q

Tang Dynasty

A 
618-907
Conquered a lot of land
Increased infrastructure trade
Built off of foundations set by Sui
Expanded pop, advancements in science and technology, improved agriculture
Part of the golden age
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10
Q

Tang Taizong

A

Created Tang Dynasty and powerful empire

Achieved a lot from Sui dynasty

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11
Q

Ch’ang-an

A

Tang capital that was burned by Rebels

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12
Q

Wu Zhao

A

Empress of tang

Only empress to assume throne by herself

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13
Q

Civil service exam

A

Test of knowledge to become an official in the govt
Tests knowledge
Supposed to make things equal but only rich people got an educ.

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14
Q

Song Dynasty

A

After tang
Small but stable
Good economy

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15
Q

Movable type

A

New & fast

Easy way to type

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16
Q

Gentry

A

Scholars/officials
Powerful people
Became stronger from civil service exam

17
Q

Foot binding

A

Little girls crushed feet so they could be small

Showed wealth and status

18
Q

Golden age

A

Tang and Song Dynasties

More arts

19
Q

Mongols

A

Nomadic tribe turned large empire rulers
Once they conquered a city, they kept peace and let the people keep their culture and expand trade
Allowed Chinese to hold low positions of power

20
Q

Nomads/pastoralists

A

Traveled with animals

Followed seasonal changes

21
Q

Clans

A

Nomadic groups

22
Q

Genghis Khan

A

First Mongolian empire ruler

Wanted to unify the Mongols under one ruler and did

23
Q

Kublai Khan

A

Last good Mongolian ruler
Started yuan dynasty
Grandson of Genghis Khan
Tried to invade Japan but it didn’t work

24
Q

Yuan

A

Ruled by kublai khan

Good trade

25
Q

Marco Polo

A

Venetian trader that helped kublai khan

26
Q

Silk Road

A

Big trade route that ended in China that extended to far away places

27
Q

Ming Dynasty

A

China became powerful under Ming dynasty
Isolated so little trade and little outside influence
Countries paid them to show submission

28
Q

Hongwu

A

1st Ming emperor
Commanded rebel army that overthrew Mongols
Encouraged Confucianism but turned tyrannical
Encouraged voyages to show off China’s power and to explore

29
Q

Feudalism/Japan’s govt

A

Landowners that controlled large pieces of land began to take control of local territories
Power was held by noble families

30
Q

Samurai

A

Warrior class members who protected lords
Later gained power for 700 years
Followed a moral code that dictated everything

31
Q

Bushido

A

Moral code of honor and loyalty followed by the samurai

32
Q

Shogunate

A

Someone who is a military leader but controls through a puppet emperor

33
Q

Kamakura shogunate

A

Pattern of govt where shoguns ruled through puppet emperors

34
Q

Himalayas

A

Mountains that act as a barrier for China to other countries

35
Q

Song Dyansty

A

after tang
Expanded pop, advancements in science and tech, agriculture increased, trade expanded
Part of the golden age for arts

36
Q

Qing dynasty

A

Farming methods were improved and new crops led to pop growth
Made countries offer ritual tribute to trade with them and follow all of their rules

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