Early Middle Ages Flashcards
Chivalry
Important characteristic of Knights
Devotion to feudal lord, God, and chosen lady
Secular
Not religious
Feudalism
System where landowner loans land to someone in exchange for protection
Serf
Peasant/worker on a manor
Lord
Landowner/person who owns the manor
Manor
Self-sufficient property
Serfs work for food and shelter
Fief
Land that a lord gives someone
Tithe
Church tax that serfs paid
10% of income
Benedict
Italian monk who wrote a book containing strict yet practical rules about monasteries
Monk
Christian man that lives and practices in a monastery
Devoted life to religion
Battle of Tours
Charles Martel expanded reign to north south and east
Defeated Muslim raiders
If lost battle Europe would have become part of the Muslim empire
Magyars
Group of nomadic people from Hungary that attacked Europe after the Vikings and captured people to sell into slavery
Sacraments
Important religious ceremonies that help get closer to salvation
Ex.) baptism
Holy Roman Empire
Created by Otto I
Close ties w the church
Frederick Barbarossa
First ruler to call it the Holy Roman Empire
Dominated German princes
Kept invading rich Italian cities => Italian merchants United against him