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Surgery Recall General Surgery > Hernias > Flashcards

Hernias Flashcards

1
Q

(L. rupture) Protrusion of a peritoneal sac through a musculoaponeurotic barrier

A

Hernia

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2
Q

Incidence of Hernia

A

5-10% lifetime
50% indirect inguinal
25% direct inguinal
=5% are femoral

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3
Q

Precipitating factors of hernias

A

Increased intraabdominal pressure
straining at defecation or urination
COPD

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4
Q

Why should hernias be repaired?

A

To avoid complications of INCARCERATIONS/Strangulation, bowel necrosis, SBO, pain

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5
Q

What is more dangrerous: a large or small hernia defect?

A

SMALL: tight defect is more likely to strangulate if incarcerated

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6
Q

Ability to return the displaced organ or tissue/hernia contents to their usual anatomic site

A

Reducible

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7
Q

Swollen or fixed within the hernial sac

A

Incarceated

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8
Q

Strangulated

A

Incarcerated with resulting ischemia

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9
Q

Hernia sac and its contents protrude all the way through the defect

A

Complete

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10
Q

Defect present without sac

A

Incomplete

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11
Q

Hernia sac partially formed by the wall of a viscus

A

Sliding hernia

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12
Q

Hernia involving a Mecke’s diverticulum

A

Littre’s henria

Thing alphabetically = LM

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13
Q

Hernia through the linea semilunaris

A

Spigelian

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14
Q

Hernia into or involving intraabdominal structure

A

Internal Hernia

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15
Q

after bariatric gastric bypass

A

Peterson’s hernia

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16
Q

Petit’s hernia or Grynfeltt’s hernia

A

Lumbar hernia

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17
Q

Both a direct and indirect

A

Pantaloon hernia

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18
Q

Incisional hernia in the ventral abdominal wall

A

Ventral

19
Q

Hernia adjacent to an ostomy

A

Paratomal hernia

20
Q

Only one sidewall of the bowel involved

A

Richter’s hernia

21
Q

Abdominal contents migrate between the layers of the abdominal wall

A

Intraparietal hernia

22
Q

Hernia MEDIAL to femoral vessels

A

Femoral hernia

23
Q

Hernia UNDER the inguinal LIGAMENT, LATERAL to femoral vessels

A

Hesselbach’s hernia

24
Q

Hernia THROUGH the femoral canal tracking into the scrotum or labia majus

A

COPPER’s

25
Q

Hernia LATERAL to the Hesselbach’s triangle

A

Indirect inguinal

26
Q

Inguinial Hernia WITHING the HESSELBACH’ triangle

A

Direct

27
Q

hernia containing a ruptured appendix

A

Amyand’s

28
Q

The bounderies of the HESSELBACH’s triangle

A

Inferior epigastric levels
Inguinal ligament (Pourparts)
Lateral border of the rectus sheath

29
Q

What are the LAYERS of the abdominal wall?

A 
Skin
Subcutaneous fat
Scarpa's Fascia
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Transversalis fascia
Peritoneal fat
Peritoneum
30
Q

Hernia within the floor of HESSELBACH’s triangle

A

Direct inguinal

31
Q

Cause of direct inguinal hernia

A

Anatomical breakfown over the years

32
Q

Hernia through the internal ring of the inguinal canal, traveling down toward the external ring

A

Indirect inguinal hernia

33
Q

What is the cause of INDIRECT inguinal hernia

A

Patent processus vaginalis

34
Q

How do you diagnose indirect inguinal herna

A

Hx and PE

examination with index finger invaginated into the external ring and palpation of hernia

35
Q

Treatment for Indirect inguinal hernia

A

Emergent herniorrhaphy - Strangulated

36
Q

Hernia traveling BENEATH the inguinal ligamant down the femoral canal medial to the femoral vessels

A

Femoral Hernia

37
Q

Factors associated with femoral hernias

A

women
pregnancy
exertion

38
Q

% of all femoral hernias

A

5%

39
Q

% of all female femoral hernas

A

85%!

40
Q

Complications of femoral hernia

A

1/3 incarcerate

41
Q

Most common hernia in women

A

indirect inguinal hernia

42
Q

What is the repair of a femoral hernia

A

McVay (cooper’s ligament repair)

Mesh plug repair

43
Q

Which comes first?

Elective TURP or Elective hernioraphy?

A

TURP

44
Q

What must you do before leaving the OR after and inguinal hernia repair?

A

Pull the testicle back down the scrotum

Surgery Recall General Surgery (21 decks)

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