Hepatology

Question 1

AST is elevated in? Where is it found?

Answer 1

Acute conditions; found in liver, muscle, kidney, and heart

Question 2

ALT is elevated in?

Answer 2

Chronic conditions

Question 3

Which type of bilirubin is water soluble?

Answer 3

Conjugated (direct)

Question 4

High indirect bilirubin means?

Answer 4

The disorder is pre hepatic; Hemolysis of RBCs and impaired hepatocyte function

Question 5

High direct bilirubin means?

Answer 5

Obstruction fo excretion of bilirubin = CHOLELITHIASIS

Question 6

What is the most common hereditary cause of increased bilirubin?

Answer 6

Gilbert’s disease

Question 7

NASH ALT:AST ratio

Answer 7

ALT greater than AST

Question 8

Treatment for hemochromatosis?

Answer 8

Phlebotomy

Question 9

The Kayser-Fleischer ring is pathognomonic for?

Answer 9

Wilson’s disease

Question 10

Alcoholic hepatitis ALT:AST ratio

Answer 10

AST greater than ALT

Question 11

What do you use to treat a Tylenol overdose?

Answer 11

N-acetylcysteine

Question 12

What do you need to make an autoimmune hepatitis diagnosis?

Answer 12

Biopsy necessary for diagnosis

Question 13

Which two Hepatitis viruses are DNA?

Answer 13

Hep B and D (easy to remember, they co-infect!)

Question 14

When is the greatest shedding of the Hep A virus?

Answer 14

During anicteric prodrome (14-21d)

Question 15

80% of hepatocellular carcinomas are linked to?

Answer 15

Hepatitis B

Question 16

Who is the only patient who will have a positive hepatitis B surface antibody?

Answer 16

Vaccinated individuals, HBsAg = Immunity

Question 17

What is the most common chronic blood-borne infection in the US?

Answer 17

Hepatitis C

Question 18

Everyone born between ____ and ____ should be tested for HCV

Answer 18

1945 to 1965

Question 19

___% of people infected with HCV go on to a chronic state

Answer 19

80%

Question 20

How do you diagnose cirrhosis?

Answer 20

Abdominal US with doppler, liver biopsy

Question 21

Hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with?

Answer 21

Cirrhosis

Question 22

How do you diagnose HCC?

Answer 22

AFP (Alpha fetoprotein) tumor marker

Question 23

What is the most common neoplasm of the liver?

Answer 23

Metastatic liver lesions

Question 24

Where do metastatic liver lesions typically metastasize from?

Answer 24

lung, colon, breast, prostate, pancreas, stomach