Gallbladder and pancreas DO Flashcards
What causes the gallbladder to contract?
Cholecystokinin
What is bile made up of?
Bile salts from cholesterol, bilirubin, alkaline fluids
What makes up most gallstones?
Cholesterol
What are the 5 F’s of cholelithiasis?
Female, fat, forty, fair, and fertile
What is biliary colic?
Aching pain in the RUQ/epigastric areas
Where will pain refer to with cholelithiasis?
Back, scapula, or R shoulder areas
What is the diagnostic of choice for cholelithiasis?
Ultrasound
Murphy’s sign is diagnostic for which disorder?
Acute cholecystitis
Best diagnostic for patients with cholecystitis?
Ultrasound may show gallstones, GB wall thickening, and sonographic Murphy’s sign
What is diagnostic and a treatment for choledolithiasis?
ERCP - endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
What is charcot’s triad? What disease is it diagnostic for?
Abd pain, jaundice, fever, - acute cholangitis
What do acinar cells in the pancreas secrete?
Proteolytic enzymes (trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase), amylase, lipase
What do the ductal epithelial cells of the pancreas secrete?
Alkaline solution - water, electrolytes, sodium bicarb
Most common causes of acute pancreatitis?
Gallstones (#1), alcohol (#2)
Periumbilical ecchymosis
Cullen’s sign
Flank ecchymosis
Grey-Turner’s sign
What lab is best to order for pancreatitis?
Lipase!
Best imaging for pancreatitis?
CT scan (or MRI)
1 cause of chronic pancreatitis?
Alcohol
Difference between chronic and acute pancreatitis?
With chronic, amylase and lipase will be NORMAL
What is the 4th leading cause of cancer deaths?
Pancreatic cancer
Tumor marker for pancreatic cancer?
CA19-9
How do you diagnose pancreatic cancer?
CT, ERCP head of pancreas
What lab values will be elevated in pancreatic cancer?
Direct T-bilirubin, alk phosphate
