hepatic system Flashcards
The 4 lobes of the liver?
2 major
2 minor
thin capsule of connective tissue?
glissons capsule
where is the gallbladder located?
lodged in recess under right lobe
what is a liver lobule?
basic functional unit of liver
what are the specialised epithelial cells called?
hepatocytes
what 2 vessels does liver receive blood from?
hepatic portal vein
hepatic artery
what are sinusoids?
endothelium-lined spaces
phagocytes lining the sinusoids?
kupffer cells
maintained blood glucose concentration?
4-6mM (70-100mg/L)
glycogenesis?
production of glycogen from glucose
glycogenolysis?
glycogen turned into glucose
gluconeogenesis?
production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources
what is the cori cycle?
lactate converted to glucose
what is the alanine cycle?
degradation of proteins to make glucose
how liver makes fatty acids?
converts glucose via acetyl-CoA into soluble forms
VLDL formed
organic component of bile?
billirubin
inorganic component of bile?
bile salts
how does bile help lipid digestion?
micelle formation
insoluble bilirubin?
bound to albumin
what is conjugated bilirubin?
water soluble transported to bile
what happens when bacteria degrades bilirubin?
converts to urobilinogen
what is first pass effect?
portion of substance absorbed and metabolised in liver before reaching blood
circulation
phase 1 reaction of drug metabolism?
converts parent compound to more polar (hydrophilic) by adding or unmasking functional groups
phase 2 reactions of drug metabolism?
conjugation with endogenous substrate to increase aqueous solubility
