Haematopoietic system Flashcards
3 Functions of blood?
1 transport substances
2 regulate processes
3 protect from disease
what percentage of blood does plasma make up?
55%
what is the other 45% made up of?
erythrocytes (red blood cells)
leukocytes (white blood cells)
thrombocytes/platelets
what is haematocrit test?
tests ratio of red blood cells to plasma as a %
name for less mature red blood cells?
reticulocytes
function of mature red blood cells?
transport respiratory gases
haematopoiesis
life span of mature red blood cells?
120 days
what gives reticulocytes a blue hue?
residual ribonucleoprotein particles
2 category of leukocytes (WBC)?
Granulocytes
agranulocytes
what are granulocytes? Give 3 examples
contain bacteria fighting granules
-neutrophils
-eosinophils
-basophils
what are agranulocytes? Give 2 examples
no granules and mononuclear
-monocytes
-lymphocytes
characteristic of neutrophils?
prominent nucleus in 2-5 lobes
6-8hr half life 1-4 day life span
function of neutrophils?
active phagocytes
characteristic of eosinophils?
bilobed nucleus
orange granules contain core of major basic protein (MBP crystalloids)
what does MBP do?
kills parasitic worms
characteristic of basophils?
large dark granules
nucleus with 2-3 lobes
function of basophils?
mediate hypersensitivity reaction (bind IgE)
characteristic of monocytes?
migrate into tissue after a week
large ovoid nucleus
function of monocytes?
ingest and remove debris and infectious agents
characteristic of lymphocytes?
single, stained spherical nucleus
cytoplasm may have granules
types of lymphocytes?
T cells
B cells
Neutral killer cells
why are monocytes and lymphocytes referred to as mononuclear?
nuclei not segmented
function of platelets?
haemostasis
promote coagulation cascade for blood clots
name for deficiency of platelets?
thrombopoietin
what are haematopoietic tissues?
tissues that actively or potentially produce blood cells
what are myeloid tissues?
blood forming tissues identified as red marrow
what are lymphoid tissues?
elements of larger lymphatic system
description of haematopoiesis?
formation of blood/ blood cells in the body
3 steps of blood clot formation?
1 vasoconstriction
2 temporary clot
3 coagulation
4 steps to platelet plug formation?
1 exposed collagen binds and activates platelets
2 release of platelet factors
3 attract more platelets
4 aggregate into plug
