Hepatic, Biliary and Pancreatic Anatomy Flashcards
Which lobe of the liver is larger?
Right Lobe is 70%
Left lobe is 30%
What do the right and left hepatic ducts become when they combine?
The common hepatic duct
Which then joins with the cystic duct to make the common bile duct
What constitutes the portal triad?
Portal vein
Hepatic artery
Bile duct
What segments constitutes the right lobe? What about the left lobe? What drains these?
Right hepatic vein drains V, VI, VII and VIII
Left hepatic vein drains II, III, IV
What part of the intestines does the common bile duct empty into?
The 2nd part of the duodenum (also where the pancreas empties)
What is the name of the sphincter that controls the release of bile and pancreatic enzymes into the intestine?
The Sphincter of Oddi
How much blood flow does the portal vein bring to the liver?
70% of the blood flow to the liver is delivered by the portal vein
Other 30% is from the hepatic artery
What is in the center of a classic lobule?
Central vein – blood is brought in by the hepatic artery and portal vein towards the CV through sinusoids
What does blood go through to get from the sinusoids to hepatocytes?
Space of Disse
What is in between individual hepatocytes?
Bile canaliculi = small bile ducts
What is the biliary tree?
Bile canaliculi become larger and form R and L hepatic ducts –> form common hepatic duct –> form common bile duct and go to the duodenum
** These drain away from the CV
What is a Kupfer cell?
Macrophage
What is a Stellate cell?
Within the Space of Disse, responsible for forming scar tissue –> fibrosis –> cirrhosis
How do we view the liver as an exocrine organ?
We look at the liver as a group of lobules = Portal lobule: three triangles together with portal triad in the middle
What is the hepatic acinus?
Connect two central veins and two portal triads and make a diamond, break it into zones
Which zone is most likely to see a viral infection?
Zone 1 (closest)
Which zone is most likely to be subjected to ischemic injury or acetaminophen damage?
Zone 3
How does bile become concentrated?
Absorption of water, sodium and chloride
How does the volume change from Liver bile to gallbladder bile?
500 mL to concentrated 50 mL
What is the function of bile salts?
Emulsification = decreases surface tension and breaks fat globules into smaller size particles
What stimulates the release of CCK?
Fatty foods in the duodenum
What does CCK do?
It stimulates gallbladder contraction and emptying in under 1 hour
Also relaxes the Sphincter of Oddi
What does Secretin do?
Acts on biliary epithelium to produce a solution rich in sodium bicarbonate to neutralize acids and optimize pancreatic function
What is the function of the pancreatic acini? What about the pancreatic duct?
Acini produces pancreatic enzymes
Ducts secrete bicarb rich solution
