Henry VIII - Cromwell Flashcards
What had Cromwell’s position been before Wolsey’s fall from power?
Wolsey’s secretary
What specifically made Cromwell rise to chief advisor so quickly?
Cromwell’s suggestion that Henry break from Rome and make himself Head of the Church
When did Cromwell become Chief Advisor?
1532
Which noble became a rival of Cromwell?
Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk
What years did the ‘Reformation Parliament’ sit?
1529-1536
What is ‘statute law’?
State/Parliamentary laws
What is ‘canon law’?
Church law
Henry’s divorce of Catherine of Aragon enforced which law as dominant in England, statute or canon?
Statute law
What was the ‘Collectanea Satis Copiosa’
A collection of legal documents by Thomas Cranmer and Edward Fox, justifying the kings divorce on legal principle
When was the ‘Restraint of Annates’ enforced?
1532
What was the ‘Restraint of Annates’?
Act that withheld the years’ income from the church
When was the ‘Supplication against the Ordinances’ enforced?
1532
What was the ‘Supplication against the Ordinances’?
Act designed to increase anticlerical pressure in Parliament (House of Commons)
When was the formal submission of the clergy to Henry VIII?
1532
What was the consequence of the formal submission of the clergy to Henry VIII?
Resignation of Sir Thomas More as Lord Chancellor (executed soon after)
How did Anne Boleyn act as a catalyst to push ahead with the divorce of Catherine of Aragon?
She had sex with Henry - if she became pregnant, they would need to be married for the child to be legitimate
Who became Archbishop of Canterbury in March 1533?
Thomas Cranmer
When did Anne Boleyn become pregnant?
December 1532
When did Henry marry Anne Boleyn?
25th January 1533
When was Henry’s annulment to Catherine of Aragon completed?
May 1533
Who was born on 7th September 1533?
Princess Elizabeth
When was the Act of Supremacy?
1534
What was the Act of Supremacy?
Established the King as ‘Supreme Head of the Church of England’
What did the Act of Succession decree?
Henry’s marriage to Catherine was void
Succession should go through Henry’s children through Anne (Mary declared illegitimate)
To deny Henry’s marriage to Anne was treason
Everyone should take an oath to accept Henry’s new marriage
When was the first Act of Succession enforced?
November 1534
When was the Treason Act enforced?
November 1534
What was the Treason Act?
Declared it treason to either speak or write of Henry as ‘heretic, schismatic, tyrant, infidel or usurper’
When was the Act of First Fruits and Tenths?
November 1534
What was the Act of First Fruits and Tenths?
The money that had been previously been banned from being collected by the church, could not be perfectly fine to be collected by the king
When did the Dissolution of the Monasteries begin?
1536
How did Cromwell conspire to remove Anne Boleyn?
convinced Henry she was guilty of Adultery and Incest
What is Adultery?
Engaging in physical relations outside of marriage
When was Anne Boleyn executed?
May 1536
Who did Henry marry after Anne Boleyn?
Jane Seymour
What key event led to Cromwell’s downfall?
The failure of the Anne of Cleves marriage
Who played a key part in Cromwell’s downfall and how?
Duke of Norfolk, by gaining influence through his niece, Catherine Howard
What was Cromwell charged with?
Treason and heresy
When was Cromwell executed?
July 1540
