Henry VII Flashcards
Which notable gentry/nobility supported Henry VII in his invasion?
Sir Edward Woodvile, Bishop of Exeter, Oxford, Dorset and Woodvilles
Who joins Henry’s side when marching thorough Wales in August 1485?
Rhys Ap Thomas and Walter Herbet
Why do Rhys Ap Thomas and Walter Herbet join Henry’s side when he is marching through Wales?
He promised them the lieutenancy of Wales
Who supports Henry when he is in the East of England/
Sir Gilbert Talbot with 500 men
Who held claims to the throne in 1485 after Bosworth?
Henry, Edward earl of Warwick (presumed dead), princes in the tower (presumed dead), Elizabeth of York, John de la Pole earl of Lincoln
What did Henry do the day before Bosworth?
Declare himself king so all who fought against him were traitors and reliant on the King’s mercy for survival
When did Edward marry Elizabeth of York?
January 1486
How many knights of the garter did Henry make?
37
What were bonds?
Agreement signed by nobles which meant they had to pay a fine if they misbehaved
How much of the nobility did Henry have under a bond?
75%, including Oxford
Who did Henry put in charge of Wales, the North and Ireland?
Jasper in Wales, Surrey in the north and Poynings in Ireland
How did Henry increase his control over Parliament?
Poynings law in 1495 that meant that all laws passed in England became law in Ireland, and Irish magnates could not call a Parliament without Henry’s permission
How was the Earl of Oxford rewarded for his loyalty?
Made admiral, chief steward of the duchy of Lancaster, Constable of the Tower of London and Chamberlain
How was Stanley rewarded for his loyalty?
Constable of England, High Steward of the Duchy of Lancaster and allowed to dominate the north west
Who stirred up Lovell’s rebellion?
Humphrey and Thomas Stafford and Lovell were the leaders
- Surviving supporters of Richard
When was Lovell’s rebellion?
Easter 1486
What was the outcome of Lovell’s rebellion, Easter 1486?
Attracted very little support. Lovell fled to Scotland and Humphrey Stafford was beheaded
Who supported Simnel initially?
Margaret of Burgundy and John de la Pole
Who supported Simnel in Ireland?
Gerald FitzGerald earl of Kildare
What support did Kildare give to Simnel?
4000 men
When was Simnel crowned in Ireland?
in Dublin in May 1487
What support did Margaret of Burgundy give to Simnel?
2000 Swiss mercenaries under Martin Schwartz
Where did Simnel land?
Barrow-in-Furness June 1487
What is notable about the response of the nobles to Simnel landing in June 1487?
Magnates who could surpress the rebellion, especially Northumberland, did nothing
When was the battle of stoke?
June 1487
What was the outcome of Stoke?
Henry wins (just), John de la Pole and Schwarz killed
What triggered the northern rebellion in 1489?
Resentment of paying tax for support Breton resistance to France
What made the Northern rebellion significant?
Northumberland was killed while collecting the king’s tax in Yorkshire
When did the Warbeck challenge span?
1491-99
Who initially supported Warbeck?
Margaret of Burgundy and then Sir William Stanley
Where did Warbeck first land and when, hoping to gather support?
Ireland in 1491
What was the outcome of Warbeck landing in Ireland in 1491?
Warbeck was forced to leave - shows Henry’s tightening of authority was successful
Where did Warbeck go after his failure to raise support in Ireland, 1491?
France in 1492 and was accepted by Charles VIII
Why was Charles VIII accepting Warbeck as geniune in 1492 so significant?
Charles was motivated to break England’s treaty with Brittany. He was massively rich and powerful
What treaties did Henry sign that displeased Charles?
Treaty of Bredon in 1489 where he supported Brittany’s independence
Treaty of Medina del Campo 1489 which was also one of France’s enemies
Who formally recognised Warbeck once Charles VIII had in 1492?
James IV of Scotland
How did Henry respond to Charles’ support of Warbeck in 1492?
Invaded France with 15k men in 1492.
What was the result of Henry’s invasion of France in 1492?
Treaty of Etaples which gave a pension of £10k/year, the expulsion of Warbeck from France and recognition that Henry VII was the rightful King of England, and Henry abandoned his support for the Bretons
Where did Warbeck go after being expelled from France in 1492?
Burgundy and then Vienna and got the support of Maximilian HRE
When was Stanley’s treachery discovered and what was it?
£10k in a Holt castle to pay for an invading army
What was Henry’s response to Stanley’s treachery?
Tried and executed, and from then on he did not interact with anyone but his favourites
When did Warbeck attempt to invade England first, and what was the outcome?
Summer 1495 but his men were cut down at Deal so he had to flee
Where did Warbeck flee to after his Summer 1495 failed invasion of England?
Ireland to Earl Desmond to join his rebellion
What was the outcome of Desmond’s rebellion, and where did Warbeck go next?
They failed to capture Waterford and he moved to Scotland
When did Warbeck land in Scotland?
Late 1495 and was formally recognised as King of England by James IV
How was James IV’s support of Warbeck explicitly shown?
He married Catherine Gordon
When did Warbeck invade England with Scottish support for the first time and what was the outcome?
1496 and Latimer crushed his army
When was the Cornish rebellion, and what caused it?
1497 when Henry tried to raise a tax to invade Scotland
What was the main event of the Cornish rebellion?
They killed Henry’s servant John Oby, and Lord Audley with 10k men marched unopposed to London
What was the outcome of the rebellion?
Oxford and Daubeney crushed the rebllion, executed Audley and killed 200 rebels
When did Warbeck land in Cornwall?
After the rebellion had been defeated and gathered some support, taking Exeter
What was the outcome of Warbeck’s second invasion of England in 1497?
He was captured at Taunton by Daubeney and sent to the King
When did Warbeck try to escape house arrest?
June 1498
When were Warbeck and Warwick executed?
November 1499
Why was the Warbeck threat so significant?
He attracted support from England - Stanlye
France, Burgundy, Scotland and HRE recognised him as Richard IV
He invaded England thrice
Warbeck directed Henry’s foreign policy 1491-99
Made Cornish rebellion more significant
