Edward IV's first reign Flashcards
When was Edward’s first reign?
March 1461 - Oct 1470
Outline the problems Edward faced when he came to the throne in March 1461
Lack of law and order Surviving Lancastrians and Lancastrian support Economic problems Needs foreign and magante support Needs to learn how to be king
Where was there strong Lancastrian support when Edward came to the throne in March 1461?
North and Wales
Why was the Lancastrian support in the North and Wales particularly a problem?
There were lots of castles and fortified towns
What were the names of the main castles in the north?
Bamburgh, Alnwick and Dunstanburgh
What was the name of the main castle in Wales?
Harlech
Who was tasked with dealing with the castles in the North?
Warwick and John Neville
How did John Neville and Warwick deal with the castles and how long did it typically take?
Starving them into submission. Takes roughly a year
Who lived in Dunstanburgh who Edward offered reconcilliation with?
Sir Ralph Percy
How did Sir Ralph Percy betray Edward?
Allowing Margaret into Dunstanburgh, twice
When is the north stabilised, following which battle?
May 1464, following John Neville’s victories at Hexham (May) and at Hedgeley Moor (April)
What were the events of the Battle of Hedgeley Moor, and when did it take place?
April 1464 - Sir Ralph Percy is killed
What were the events of the Battle of Hexham, and when did it take place?
May 1464 - Somerset is killed
When was Wales finally pacified, after the fall of which castle?
1468 after the fall of Harlech castle, besieged by Herbet
Give examples of some titles Warwick was rewarded with
Captain of Calais, Constable of Dover Castle, Chief Steward of marhc of the Duchy of Lancaster, Admiral of England, Warden of the North and Welsh Marches, Warden of the Cinque ports
What promotion did George Neville recieve?
Archbishop of York and Chancellor
What promotion did John Neville recieve?
Earl of Northumberland after Percies attainted
Describe Warwick’s position from 1461-4
King in every way except by name
How did Warwick try and get Edward foreign recognition?
Organising a marriage with Bona of Savoy or Isabella of Castile
Who did Edward marry and when?
Elizabeth Woodville in May 1464
When does Edward enlighten Warwick about his marriage?
September 1464
How many siblings did Elizabeth Woodville have?
7 sisters and 5 brothers, and 2 sons as well as greedy parents
Who were Elizabeth Woodville’s parents?
Sir Richard Woodville (Earl Rivers) and Jacquetta of Luxembourg
What were Sir Richard Woodville’s promotions in 1466?
Constable and treasurer
When was Sir Richard Woodville appointed Constable and treasurer, and who did this anger?
1466 and angered Warwick and John Neville who fancied this
What were Anthony Woodville’s promotions and when?
Lord Scales and control of the Isle of Wight
Who does Anthony Woodville having control over the Isle of Wight annoy?
Warwick as he was the channel man
Who did Thomas Grey marry, that upset whom?
Anne, heiress to Duke of Exeter that annoyed Warwick as George Neville was betrothed to her in 1466
Who gets married to Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, and who does this annoy?
Katherine Woodville. Henry and Warwick both wanted one of Warwick’s heirs in 1465
Who does John Woodville marry when?
Catherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk in 1465
When were all the Woodvilles married off, and what was the result of this?
1468, and there are no noble bachelors for Warwick’s daughteres