Henry VII Flashcards
What year did Henry VII become king?
1485
When was Henry VIII born?
1491
When did Arthur and Catherine of Aragon get married?
1501
When did Arthur die?
1502
When did the Pope grant Henry and Catherine to be married?
1503
When did Henry VII die?
21st April 1509
When did Henry and Catherine marry?
11th June 1509
When was Henry VIII’s coronation and how old was he?
23rd June 1509, he was 18
Who did Henry VII have to defeat in the Battle of Bosworth to become King?
Richard III
What is Henry VII’s claim to the throne?
Weak blood claim through his mother Margaret Beaufort - whose great grandfather (John Gaunt) married Catherine Swynford on the basis that no descendants would use this to claim the throne
What were Henry VII’s Achievements/Reputation/Policies?
Survived rebellion, Consolidated power with policies against the York’s
He was careful, conscientious & spendthrift
Avoided war, Tried to keep the nobility in check = through Bonds and Recognisances
What are Bond and Recognisances?
Contacts between the nobility and the crown in which they promised to remain loyal the king - if this was breached they would pay a fine
How long was the War of the Roses?
30 years
How big was the population of England by 1500?
2.5 million
Was England a Agrarian society?
Yes, this is a society based on farming and working on the land
What did parliament consist of?
The House of Lords and House of Commons (county community representatives) - played little part in policy making
Who were the Privy Council?
Inner cabinet consisting of King’s leading ministers (churchmen and nobles)
What is the Council Learned in the Law?
Established in 1495, members were legally trained. Role of the council was to defend the King’s position as a feudal landlord and ensure all payments due to him were paid
Who were some of Henry VII’s opposers?
Lambert Simnel - rallied by other opposing people to become their figure head for overthrowing the Tudor dynasty
Warbeck - the second some of Edward IV was eventually captured after gaining support
Edmund de la pole and Earl of Suffolk were still in line for the throne and were a constant threat
What were Henry VII’s foreign policies?
Remained weary of war, however did launch a invasion of France in 1491 - only to - save face over the loss of Breton independence, attain a pension from French king, promise that France would not support Yorkist rebels
Why was the Anglo-Spanish alliance at risk after 1502?
Arthur died only after 5 months of marriage - the only way to keep it would be to get a special papal dispensation from the Pope to allow the marriage between Catherine and Henry to take place
Why should Henry be grateful for his father?
The crowns finances were good
Localities were under control
Authority of crown restored
Ready made marriage alliance with Spain awaited
How did we know that Henry VIII would rule differently?
Henry wanted to replicate the glories of predecessors such as Henry V however powerful men such as William Warham (Arch of Canterbury), Richard Fox (Lord Pricy Seal) were against this
What were some issues with the inheritance Henry VIII gained?
He also gained his fathers councillors of which he did not approve of especially Empson or Dudley were then accused of attaint (treason)
What was the Renaissance King?
Thomas More wrote to Desiderus Erasmus - “ Our king does not wish for gold or gems or precious stones, but virtue, glory and immortality”
“end our sadness, the beginning of joy”
What is a 16th century monarch expected to do?
Capable to dictate policy to his ministers and parliament
Capable of maintaining law and order(nobility and public)
Good servant to the church
Conducting continental wars - well
Splendour of royal court
