henry V Flashcards
what did henry IV try to negotiate with France early in his reign?
sent ambassadors to the french king claiming all historically english land that had been handed over in the treat of bretigny. asked for catherine of valois’, french kings daughter’s hand. rejected. dauphin sent him a box of tennis balls to show how they thought henry was too young
why was france vulnerable to attack?
the ‘mad’ king charles vi was mentally incapable to rule so the french government was divided
how did henry V prepare for war
-improved rs with welsh by pardoning rebels and not attacking
-improved relations with the percies. released hotspur’s heir from honourable captivity in scotland and gave him back his estates and title of earl of northumberland
-released king james i of scotland from prison
-ten year truce with brittany
what was the southampton plot
in 1415. earl of cammbridge, baron scrope and sir thomas grey plotted to kill henry and make edmund mortimer king.involved scots and welsh. mortimer informed henry of the plot himself. rebels executed.
how big was henry’s army in 1415
10,000 to 12,000 men.
what was first seized in 1415.what were the effects
Harfleur,.
-english suffered losses more due to dysentry. 1/3 of army was lost.henry sent the sick back to england
what happened after the seize of harfleur
henry marched his troops to calais. long journey troops exhausted. english needed to cross the river somme but the french were following them on the other side of the river. henry pushed his troops and gained half a days march on the french. the english reubuilt a bridge to cross the river
what date was the battle of agincourt
25 october 1415
how did Henry prepare his army the nigh before agincourt
-he forced them to be silent whilst the french partied and drank alchohol.
-he sent scouts to scope out the battlefield in order to plan in advance
how was the english army composed at agincourt
high proportion of longbow archers.80 percent were archers. rest were men at arms
what tactics did the english use at agincourt
-they formed a horseshoe shape with stakes around their troops
-placed men at arms behind the archers and around them
-king henry united them with morality and support
-they had light armour. advantage in the mud
why were the french defeated at agincourt
-fought in too close formation, had difficulty
-wore heavy armour and cavalry so got stuck in the mud
-cavalry startled by arrows and falsely charged
-henry ordered that all french prisoners should be killed before their reinforcements arrived
how many french died at agincourt
11 magnates, 120 barons and 1500 knights. orleans escaped
what was the significance of the 1415 campaign
henry was met with a royal entry at london. he was seen as the rightful king supported by gid. reduced chance of french invasion. parliament agreed with him and granted more tax
who was john wycliffe
a priest and oxford theologian who believed in heretical ideas that disagreed with catholicism. like translating the bible to english.he was summoned to court by bishops but supported by gaunt
