Hemorrhage And Soft Tissue Trauma

Question 1

Infection

Answer 1

Any open wound is at risk of infection and should
be protected from harmful pathogens

Question 2

Sign and symptoms of tetanus

Answer 2

•Difficulty swallowing.
•Irritability.
•Headache.
•Fever.
•Muscle spasms near the infected area.

Question 3

Tetanus

Answer 3

Tetanus is a serious infection caused by the micro-
organism Clostridium tetani.

Question 4

Gangrene

Answer 4

Like tetanus, gangrene is caused by bacteria that
thrive in the absence of oxygen

Question 5

Difference between Dressing and Bandage

Answer 5

Dressing is the cloth that is used for direct pressure and absorbs the blood

Bandage is use to wrap around the patients would part and keep the dressing in place

Question 6

Stitches and Structures

Answer 6

Stitches or sutures are needed when a wound
might not otherwise heal cleanly.

Question 7

Potential stitches events

Answer 7

• A hemorrhaging wound
• A wound with jagged edges
• A wound more than 2.5 cm (1 in.) long
• A wound on the face or head

Question 8

Tourniquets

Answer 8

A tourniquet is a tight band placed around an
extremity to constrict blood vessels and stop
blood flow.

Question 9

External bleeding

Answer 9

Most open wounds will have some bleeding, but
the body’s clotting response will usually stop minor
bleeding within 10 minutes, especially if pressure is
applied.

Question 10

To control external bleeding? Steps?

Answer 10

1.Place the patient in a seated or recumbent
position.

2. Place direct pressure on the wound with a
   gloved hand.

3.Apply a sterile dressing. Place your gloved
hand over the dressing and apply firm pressure
(Figure 9–6, a).

4.Apply a bandage over the dressing to maintain
direct pressure (Figure 9–6, b) and hold the
dressing in place. If blood soaks through,
add additional dressings and bandages. Do
not remove any blood-soaked dressings or
bandages.

5. If bleeding continues, and the wound is on
   a limb, apply a tourniquet above the injury
   (Figure 9–6, c). While painful, this is necessary
   to save the patient’s life.

Question 11

Epistaxis

Answer 11

Means nose bleed

Question 12

Care for epistaxis

Answer 12

you can control the bleeding by
having the patient sit with the head slightly
forward while pinching the nostrils together
. Applying an ice pack or cold compress
to the bridge of the nose can also help slow blood
flow and assist in the clotting process.

Question 13

Internal bleeding

Answer 13

Internal bleeding is the escape of blood from
arteries, veins, or capillaries into spaces inside the
body.

Question 14

Care for internal bleeding

Answer 14

For minor internal bleeding, such as a contusion (bruise) onan arm, apply ice or a chemical cold pack to the injured area to help reduce pain and swelling.

Question 15

Lacerations

Answer 15

A laceration is a cut, usually caused by a sharp
object

Question 16

Four main types of open wounds

Answer 16

1. Abrasions
2. Lacerations
3. Avulsions
4. Punctures

Question 17

Ballistic injuries

Answer 17

Injuries caused by firearms are considered
puncture (or penetrating) wounds, and the care is
generally the same as for any other open wound

Question 18

Impaled objects

Answer 18

If the object that caused an injury is still in the
wound, it is referred to as an impaled object.

Question 19

Removing slivers

Answer 19

1.Determine the angle at which the sliver
entered the skin (Figure 9–14, a).
2.Grasp the sliver with disinfected forceps
(tweezers) and draw it out at the same angle
3. Treat the wound as a puncture or laceration.

Question 20

3 types of slivers

Answer 20

1 wood
2 metal
3 glass

Question 21

Abscesses

Answer 21

An abscess is a significant localized collection of
pus within tissues, usually in hair-bearing areas

Question 22

Subungual hematoma

Answer 22

A subungual hematoma is a collection of blood
or fluid between the nail bed and the fingernail

Question 23

Dermatitis

Answer 23

Dermatitis is a general term for an inflammation
of the skin

Question 24

Myocardial contusion

Answer 24

contusion (also referred to as cardiac
contusion) is a bruising of the heart’s muscle
tissue

Question 25

Severity of burns

Answer 25

1 superficial burn
2 partial thickness burn
3 full thickness burn

Question 26

Causes of burns 4 types

Answer 26

1 thermal (steam, fire, boiling water)
2 chemical (battery acid, drain cleaner )
3 electrical ( charged electrical wires, lighting)
4 Radiation ( sunlight , nuclear radiation)

Question 27

Percentage of burn for adult and child

Answer 27

Head and neck 9
Left arm (anterior) 4.5
Left arm (posterior) 4.5
Right arm (anterior) 4.5
Right arm (posterior) 4.5
Torso (anterior) 18
Torso (posterior) 18
Groin 1
Left leg 9
Right leg 9

Question 28

Percentage burn for infant

Answer 28

Head and neck 9
Left arm (anterior) 4.5
Left arm (posterior) 4.5
Right arm (anterior) 4.5
Right arm (posterior) 4.5
Torso (anterior) 18
Torso (posterior) 13
Groin 0
Left leg 7
Right leg 7

Question 29

Crush injuries

Answer 29

Crush injuries occur when the body is subjected to
intense blunt force

Question 30

Amputations

Answer 30

An amputation occurs when a body part is
completely or partially severed from the rest of
the body

Question 31

Crush syndrome

Answer 31

Crushing forces can impair or eliminate circulation
in the affected tissues

Question 32

Compartment syndrome

Answer 32

Compartment syndrome occurs when pressure
within the muscle compartment builds up to
dangerous levels and blocks circulation to the cells.

Question 33

High pressure injection injuries (HPI)

Answer 33

High-pressure injection (HPI) injuries occur when
a substance is injected into the body under high
pressure