Acute And Chornic Illness Flashcards
Syncope
Fainting
Care for syncope
Make sure the patient’s airway is open, and
place an unresponsive patient in the supine
position.
Have suction equipment ready for use.
Do not allow the patient to eat or drink, as this
can increase the chance of vomiting
Diabetic emergency?
The body’s cells need glucose (sugar) as a source
of energy to function normally.
Type 1 diabetes
(insulin-dependent diabetes)occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin for its needs.
Type 2 diabetes
can be insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes
Hyperglycemia
High blood sugar
Hypoglycemia
Low blood sugar
Seizure
A seizure is the result of abnormal electrical activity
in the brain. It can cause temporary changes in
movement, function, sensation, awareness, or
behaviour.
4 types of seizure
1.Aura phase: The patient may sense something
unusual (not all patients will experience an aura).
2.Tonic phase: The patient appears unresponsive
and experiences muscle rigidity.
3.Clonic phase: The patient experiences
uncontrollable muscular contractions
(convulsions).
4.Postictal phase: The patient displays
diminished responsiveness with gradual
recovery and confusion (he or she may feel
confused and want to sleep).
Partial seizures
Partial seizures can be simple or complex, and
they are the most common type of seizure
experienced by patients with epilepsy.
Febrile seizure
Young children and infants may be at risk of
febrile seizures, which are seizures brought on by
a rapid increase in body temperature.
Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a term used to describe a group of
neurological disorders in which the individual
experiences recurrent seizures as the main
symptom.
Care for seizures
two main priorities preventing injury
and managing the airway
Migraines
A migraine is more than just a bad headache:
It is a debilitating condition that can include a
severe headache, visual disturbances, confusion,
and other neurological effects.
Peritonitis
Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum
(abdominal cavity lining) that presents with acute
abdominal pain and tenderness.
Appendicitis
Appendicitis is an acute inflammation of the
appendix.
Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis refers to inflammation of the GI
tract, often as a result of a viral infection.
Bowel obstruction
A bowel obstruction occurs when the intestinal
tract becomes occluded, preventing the normal
flow of intestinal contents.
Kidney stones
Kidney stones are solid concentrations of dissolved
minerals found in the kidneys or ureters that
usually pass during urination
Gastrointestinal bleeding (GI bleed) various types
Bleeding in the upper GI tract originates in the
esophagus, stomach, or duodenum.
Bleeding in the lower GI tract originates in the
small intestine, large intestine, rectum, or anus.
A patient with GI bleeding may experience
vomiting of blood, bloody bowel movements, or
black, tarry stool
Serious GI bleeding can have a significant impact
on vital signs; for instance, it can cause blood
pressure to drop sharply and pulse to increase
Peptic ulcers
A peptic ulcer is a small erosion inside the GI tract.
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is usually a bacterial
infection found within the urinary tract.
