Hemodynamic Disorders

Question 1

edema

Answer 1

clinical presentation of excess fluid accumulation in any tissue or body cavity

Question 2

localized edema

Answer 2

increase in vascular permeability

Question 3

generalized/systemic edema

Answer 3

increased hydrostatic pressure and decreased oncotic pressure

Question 4

transudate

Answer 4

noninflammatory edema, no change in vascular permability

Question 5

exudate

Answer 5

inflammatory edema (increased protein)

Question 6

anascarca

Answer 6

severe edema throughout the entire body

Question 7

hyperemia

Answer 7

increased blood volume as the result of an active process in which arteriolar vasodilation leads to increased bloodflow (inflammation)

Question 8

congestion

Answer 8

increased blood volume occurs as a passivei process due to impaired venous outflow of a tissue

Question 9

acute pulmonary edema caused by

Answer 9

sudden LV failure (myocardial infarction)

Question 10

chronic pulmonary edema caused by

Answer 10

congestive heart failure

Question 11

congestive liver (nutmeg liver) caused by

Answer 11

right-sided heart failure

Question 12

petechiae

Answer 12

minute 1-2mm hemorrhages into skin, mucous membranes, or serosal surfaces

Question 13

purpura

Answer 13

> 3mm hemorrhages

Question 14

ecchymosis

Answer 14

> 1-2mm subacute hematomas

Question 15

hemostasis

Answer 15

arrest of bloodflow

Question 16

coagulation pathway

Answer 16

injured endothelial cells attract platelets to form primary platelet plug and activate coagulation cascade

Question 17

coagulation cascade

Answer 17

prothrombin&raquo_space; thrombin, fibrinogen&raquo_space; fibrin, definitive platelet plug

Question 18

fibrinolysis (clot-lysing) pathway

Answer 18

plasmin

Question 19

anticoagulation (regulation) pathway

Answer 19

antithrombins, thrombomodulin, TFPI

Question 20

thrombosis

Answer 20

process of thrombus formation

Question 21

thrombus

Answer 21

solid mass formed by both platelet and coagulation mechanisms

Question 22

tissue factor

Answer 22

activates clotting cascade

Question 23

arterial thrombosis

Answer 23

atherosclerosis

Question 24

superficial venous thrombosis (thrombophlebitis)

Answer 24

saphenous veins, varicose veins

Question 25

deep vein thrombosis (phlebothrombosis)

Answer 25

femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial veins

Question 26

blood clot

Answer 26

coagulation cascade only

Question 27

laminar flow

Answer 27

platelets and cells in center of vessel, plasma in periphery

Question 28

turbulent flow (stasis)

Answer 28

increased chance of contact between platelets and vessel wall