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IDIT > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

bacteriostatic

A

inhibits a metabolic pathway

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2
Q

bactericidal

A

outright kills bacteria via lysis

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3
Q

sulfonamide mechanism

A

inhibits dihydropteroate synthesis

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4
Q

sulfonamide contraindication

A

pregnancy

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5
Q

sulfonamide synergizes with

A

DHFR inhibitor

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6
Q

sulfisoxazole w/erythromycin

A

oral SULF for otitis media

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7
Q

sulfamethoxazole w/trimethoprim

A

oral SULF for urinary, respiratory, and GI infections

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8
Q

dapsone

A

oral SULF for leprosy and pneumonia

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9
Q

sulfacetamide

A

topical SULF for ulcerative blepharitis and bacterial conjunctivitis

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10
Q

silver sulfadiazine

A

topical SULF for burns and preventing sepsis

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11
Q

mafenide

A

topical SULF for burns

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12
Q

crystalluria

A

crystals in urine (SULF SE)

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13
Q

kernicterus

A

bilirubin encepalopathy (SULF SE)

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14
Q

blood discrasias

A

SULF SE

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15
Q

hypersensitivity

A

SULF SE

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16
Q

erythema multiforme

A

asymptomatic macules on extremities

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17
Q

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

A

blisters in airway/mouth

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18
Q

Rx fever

A

hypersensitivity

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19
Q

hyperkalemia

A

high potassium

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20
Q

fluoroquinolone mechanism (G-)

A

inhibits DNA gyrase

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21
Q

fluoroquinolone mechanism (G+)

A

inhibits topoisomerase IV

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22
Q

cirpofloxacin

A

2nd gen FQ for anthrax [decreases theophylline clearance, inhibits CYP3A4/CYP1A2]

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23
Q

ofloxacin

A

2nd gen FQ [avoid if bacterial resistance or liver disease]

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24
Q

gatifloxacin

A

3rd gen FQ [avoid if pt has diabetes]

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25
Q

gemifloxacin

A

3rd gen FQ for chronic bronchitis and pneumonia

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26
Q

levofloxacin

A

3rd gen FQ [avoid if cardiac conduction anomalies]

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27
Q

motifloxacin

A

3rd gen FQ [avoid if hepatic disease]

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28
Q

besifloxacin

A

4th gen FQ for bacterial conjunctivitis

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29
Q

finafloxacin

A

4th gen FQ for otitis externa

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30
Q

phototoxicity

A

burning, redness, swelling, blisters, rash (FQ SE)

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31
Q

arthropathy

A

damages growing cartilage (FQ SE)

32
Q

peripheral neuropathy

33
Q

tendon rupture

A

FQ SE & black box warning

34
Q

diplopia

A

tendonitis of extraocular muslces (FQ SE)

35
Q

C difficile

A

induces diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis

36
Q

fidaxomicin

A

FQ for C difficile

37
Q

penicillin mechanism

A

inhibits transpeptidase

38
Q

penicillinases

A

beta-lactamases

39
Q

Pfizerpen

A

IM/IV PCN G

40
Q

procaine

A

local anesthetic that slows absorption of PCN

41
Q

benzathine

A

long-acting suspension for PCN

42
Q

penicillin V

A

oral [food interferes]

43
Q

dicloxacillin

A

PCNase resistant oral PCN

44
Q

oxacillin

A

PCNase resistant parenteral PCN

45
Q

nafcillin

A

PCNase resistant parenteral PCN

46
Q

ampicillin

A

oral or IV aminoPCN

47
Q

sulfactam

A

PCNase inhibitor given with ampicillin

48
Q

unasyn

A

given with ampicillin due to bacteroides fragilis

49
Q

amoxicillin

A

tables, oral suspension, or pediatric drop aminoPNC for otitis med or prophylaxis

50
Q

augmentin

A

amoxicillin + clavulanate

51
Q

clavulanate

A

beta-lactamase inhibitor given with amoxicillin

52
Q

ticarcillin + clauvulanate

A

parenteral

53
Q

piperacillin + tazobactam

A

parenteral

54
Q

tazobactam

A

beta-lactamase inhibitor given with piperacillin

55
Q

superinfection

A

kill off organisms that allow others to grow w/o competition

56
Q

Jarish-Herxheimer reaction

A

found in patients with secondary syphilis

57
Q

cephalosporin mechanism

A

inhibit transpeptidase

58
Q

cephalosporin advtantage

A

resistant to many PCNases

59
Q

cefazolin

A

1st gen IV CF for G+ and PEcK G-

60
Q

cephalexin

A

1st gen oral CF for G+ PEcK G-

61
Q

cefadroxil

A

1st gen oral CF for G+ and PEcK G-

62
Q

cefaclor

A

2nd gen oral CF for HNPEcK

63
Q

cefuroxime

A

2nd gen oral/IV/IM CF for HNPEcK

64
Q

cefoxitin

A

2nd gen IV/IM CF for bacteriodes fragilis

65
Q

cefotetan

A

2nd gen IV/IM CF [antagonizes vitamin K, must be supplemented]

66
Q

cefprozil

A

2nd gen oral CF

67
Q

ceftriaxone

A

3rd gen IV CFF [flush line between doses]

68
Q

cefotaxime

A

3rd gen IV/IM CF

69
Q

ceftazidime

A

3rd gen IV/IM CF [dont use if history of epilepsy]

70
Q

cefpodoxime

A

3rd gen oral CF

71
Q

cefdinir

A

3rd gen oral CF [decreases absorption]

72
Q

cefepime

A

4th gen IV/IM CF [don’t use if hx of epilepsy)

73
Q

cefditoren

A

4th gen prodrug CF activated via esterase hydrolysis

74
Q

cefaroline

A

advanced gen IV prodrug CF for community bacterial pneumonia and MRSA

75
Q

cefolozane

A

advanced gen CF for complicated UTIs and kidney infection

IDIT (7 decks)

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