Hemodynamic Disorder Flashcards
Edema can de defined as
Increased fluid in the interstitial space
That is water above 60%
Left heart failure leads to
Pulmonary congestion
Right heart failure leads to
Systemic and organ failure congestion
Impaired lymphatic drainage leads to
Elephantiasis
Elephantiasis is caused by
Filarial worm when mosquitoes takes it from a human into anoda human
What stimulates platelet aggregation
ADP and Thromboxane A2
High level of homocysteine contributes to arterial and venous thrombosis
Embolism is
A thrombotic thing that can move from its point of origin intravenous
Transudate is
A fluid poor in protein
Exudate is a fluid
Rich in protein
Types of edema
Localized and general edema
Inflammatory and non inflammatory edema
Localized edema include
Vein obstruction eg thrombus
Lymphatic drainage disorder
Localized inflammatory response eg allergy
Generalized edema include
Heart failure
Renal failure
Starvation
Malnutrition
Liver failure
Inflammatory edema include
Liquid with more protein
Fibrin rich fluid
High gravity
Non Inflammatory edema include
Absence of fibrin
Low protein
Low gravity
Pathologic physiology of edema
Atriolar dilation
Impaired venous return
Lymphatic problem
Low plasma osmotic pressure
Inflammation
Sodium retention
Elephantiasis is a disease caused by
Lymphatic drainage system that is not working
Pulmonary edema is caused by
Left ventricle of the heart thats is not working
Elephantiasis is a parasitic infection caused by
Filirial worm from the female mosquito
The parasite goes to live in the lymphatic system
What is hyperemia
This is when the body actively sends blood to a particular region
Leading to and increase in blood in an organ or tissue
Eg during inflammation
What is congestion
Reduced blood flow out of the tissue
It is a passive process
Example of hyperemia
Increased blood to muscle during exercise
Increased blood to brain during shock
Etc
Engorgement of an organ with venous blood is termed
Congestion or Passive hyperemia
Congestion is
Obstruction of venous blood out of an organ
Congestion is happens when vein is blocked or impaired
As long as blood doesn’t go back to the heart the blood will remain in the system
Hyperemia is in relation to artery
The place will be red because of oxygenated blood
But in congestion it will be dark red due to deoxygenated blood
Bluish skin in swelling shows a
Congestion of blood
Congestion of deoxygenated blood
Reddish skin in swelling shows
Hyperemia to the skin
Accumulation of oxygenated blood
A nutmeg liver is due to
Chronic passive congestion of the liver
Due to right heart failure
Hematoma is
Hemorrhage that results to accumulation under the skin
What are the factors responsible for platelet adhesion
Von willebrand factor (solidify the adhesion)
Fibronectin
Collagen
What are the factors responsible for platelet aggregation
Calcium and ADP
ADP and Thromboxane A2 set up the primary homeostatic plug
Difference between a blood clot and a thrombus
A blood clot is a coagulation cascade that does not stick to endothelium
A thrombus is a blood clot formed inside the blood vessels that sticks to endothelium
Hematoma
Is broken blood vessels that release blood under the skin
Like a bad bruise
Eg when punched or what we call bad blood
Transudate is formed in what type of edema
Non inflammatory edema
Exudate is formed in what type of edema
Inflammatory edema
Non inflammatory edema means
Edema caused by plasma pressure disorder
That is the plasma oncotic and hydrostatic pressure is not work properly
Congestion is impaired OUTFLOW of blood from a tissue
