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Morbid Anatomy > Hemodynamic Disorder > Flashcards

Hemodynamic Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

Edema can de defined as

A

Increased fluid in the interstitial space

That is water above 60%

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2
Q

Left heart failure leads to

A

Pulmonary congestion

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3
Q

Right heart failure leads to

A

Systemic and organ failure congestion

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4
Q

Impaired lymphatic drainage leads to

A

Elephantiasis

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5
Q

Elephantiasis is caused by

A

Filarial worm when mosquitoes takes it from a human into anoda human

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6
Q

What stimulates platelet aggregation

A

ADP and Thromboxane A2

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7
Q

High level of homocysteine contributes to arterial and venous thrombosis

A
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8
Q

Embolism is

A

A thrombotic thing that can move from its point of origin intravenous

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9
Q

Transudate is

A

A fluid poor in protein

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10
Q

Exudate is a fluid

A

Rich in protein

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11
Q

Types of edema

A

Localized and general edema

Inflammatory and non inflammatory edema

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12
Q

Localized edema include

A

Vein obstruction eg thrombus
Lymphatic drainage disorder
Localized inflammatory response eg allergy

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13
Q

Generalized edema include

A

Heart failure
Renal failure
Starvation
Malnutrition
Liver failure

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14
Q

Inflammatory edema include

A

Liquid with more protein
Fibrin rich fluid
High gravity

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15
Q

Non Inflammatory edema include

A

Absence of fibrin
Low protein
Low gravity

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16
Q

Pathologic physiology of edema

A

Atriolar dilation
Impaired venous return
Lymphatic problem
Low plasma osmotic pressure
Inflammation
Sodium retention

17
Q

Elephantiasis is a disease caused by

A

Lymphatic drainage system that is not working

18
Q

Pulmonary edema is caused by

A

Left ventricle of the heart thats is not working

19
Q

Elephantiasis is a parasitic infection caused by

A

Filirial worm from the female mosquito

The parasite goes to live in the lymphatic system

20
Q

What is hyperemia

A

This is when the body actively sends blood to a particular region

Leading to and increase in blood in an organ or tissue

Eg during inflammation

21
Q

What is congestion

A

Reduced blood flow out of the tissue

It is a passive process

22
Q

Example of hyperemia

A

Increased blood to muscle during exercise

Increased blood to brain during shock

Etc

23
Q

Engorgement of an organ with venous blood is termed

A

Congestion or Passive hyperemia

24
Q

Congestion is

A

Obstruction of venous blood out of an organ

25
Q

Congestion is happens when vein is blocked or impaired

As long as blood doesn’t go back to the heart the blood will remain in the system

A
26
Q

Hyperemia is in relation to artery

The place will be red because of oxygenated blood

But in congestion it will be dark red due to deoxygenated blood

A
27
Q

Bluish skin in swelling shows a

A

Congestion of blood

Congestion of deoxygenated blood

28
Q

Reddish skin in swelling shows

A

Hyperemia to the skin

Accumulation of oxygenated blood

29
Q

A nutmeg liver is due to

A

Chronic passive congestion of the liver

Due to right heart failure

30
Q

Hematoma is

A

Hemorrhage that results to accumulation under the skin

31
Q

What are the factors responsible for platelet adhesion

A

Von willebrand factor (solidify the adhesion)
Fibronectin
Collagen

32
Q

What are the factors responsible for platelet aggregation

A

Calcium and ADP

33
Q

ADP and Thromboxane A2 set up the primary homeostatic plug

A
34
Q

Difference between a blood clot and a thrombus

A

A blood clot is a coagulation cascade that does not stick to endothelium

A thrombus is a blood clot formed inside the blood vessels that sticks to endothelium

35
Q

Hematoma

A

Is broken blood vessels that release blood under the skin

Like a bad bruise

Eg when punched or what we call bad blood

36
Q

Transudate is formed in what type of edema

A

Non inflammatory edema

37
Q

Exudate is formed in what type of edema

A

Inflammatory edema

38
Q

Non inflammatory edema means

A

Edema caused by plasma pressure disorder

That is the plasma oncotic and hydrostatic pressure is not work properly

39
Q

Congestion is impaired OUTFLOW of blood from a tissue

A

Morbid Anatomy (10 decks)

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