Heme/Onc Flashcards
Mineral/Vitamin: Ferrous Sulfate
1) Use: Iron defiecnt anemia
2) Class/MOA:
3) Side effects/ADEs: Constipation
4) Fun Facts
Mineral/Vitamin: Iron dextran = Iron sucrose
1) Use: FE Deficency Anemia
2) Class/MOA:
3) Side effects/ADEs: anaphalazis
4) Fun Facts
Mineral/Vitamin: Folic Acid
1) Use: PND, traumatic cardiac hemolytic anemia, folate defiency (alcoholism)
2) Class/MOA:
3) Side effects/ADEs:
4) Fun Facts
Mineral/Vitamin: Vitamin B12
1) Use: Pernicious Anemia
2) Class/MOA:
3) Side effects/ADEs:
4) Fun Facts
Desferrioxamine (Deferoozamine or Desferal)
1) Use: Thalasemias, or other disease with regular blood transfusions - helps avoid iron overload (causes cirrhosis, CHF, DM)
2) Class/MOA: IRON CHELATOR (NOT ORAL!)
3) Side effects/ADEs:
4) Fun Facts
Deferasirox (EXJADE)
1) Use: Thalasemias, or other disease with regular blood transfusions - helps avoid iron overload (causes cirrhosis, CHF, DM)
2) Class/MOA: Iron Cheltors ORAL
3) Side effects/ADEs:
4) Fun Facts
Epoeitin
1) Use: anemia
2) Class/MOA: GROWTH FACTOR EPO = increases RBC
3) Side effects/ADEs:
4) Fun Facts
Filgrastim (G-CSF; Neupogen); Sargramostim (GM-CSF; Leukine); Peg-Filgrastim (Neulasta)
1) Use: GROWTH FACTOR any chemo that causes neutropenia; meylosuppressive therapy
2) Class/MOA: stimulates proliferation, matruation and efficacy of NEUTROPHILS via JAK/STAT tyrosine kinase pathway
3) Side effects/ADEs:
4) Fun Facts: same as G-CSF
IL-11 (Oprelvekin, Neumega) Rx: thrombocytopenia
1) Use: GROWTH FACTOR thrombocytopenia
2) Class/MOA: stimulates the growth of primative MEGAKARYOCYTE progenitors - increase megakaryocytes, increase peripheral platelets
3) Side effects/ADEs: fatigue, headache, CVE
4) Fun Facts:
Growth Factor: Romiplostim (Nplade) - Thrombopoeitin analog - Rx for chronic ITP
1) Use: GROWTH FACTOR thrombocytopenia
2) Class/MOA: same as IL-12: stimulates growth of primative megakarycytic progenitors, increasing megakaryocytes, increasing platelets
3) Side effects/ADEs: fatigue, headache, CVE
4) Fun Facts
Asprinin
1) Use: PLATELET INHIBITOR
2) Class/MOA: Actylates and irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 to prevent conversion of arachadonic acid to thromboxane A2
3) Side effects/ADEs: increase BT, no effect on PT, PTT | Gastric ulcertation, bleeding, hyperventilation, Reye’s Syndr
Ticlopidine, Clopidogrel (Plavix)
1) Use: PLATELET INHIBITOR
2) Class/MOA: Inhibit platelet aggregation by irreversibly blocking ADP RECEPTORS | inhibit fibrinogen binding by preventing glycoprotein Iib/I
Abciximab (Rheopro), Eptidibatide (Integrilin) and Tirofibiban (Aggrastat)
1) Use: PLATELET INHIBITOR
2) Class/MOA: Monoclonal antibody that binds to the GLYCOPROTEIN RECEPTOR Ib/IIIa on activated platelets, preventing aggregation
3) Side effects/ADEs: bleeding, thrombocytop
Dipyridamole
1) Use: PLATELET INHIBITOR
2) Class/MOA: increase cAMP = decrease ADENOSINE uptake/cyclic nucleotide PDE = decreased aggregation
3) Side effects/ADEs: serious bleeding risk
4) Fun Facts
Heparin
1) Use: immediate ANTICOAG for PE, stroke, ACS, MI, DVT | used during pregnancy | follow PTT
2) Class/MOA: INHIBITS THROMBIN ACTION | cofactor for activation of ANTI-THROMBIN, decrease thrombin and Xa, short 1/2 life
3) Side effects/ADEs: Bleeding, thrombocytopenai (HIT),
Enoxaparin (LMWH, Lovenox)
1) Use: Anticoagulation
2) Class/MOA: Cofactor for activation of ANTITHROMBIN and Xa (work better on Xa), better bioavailibilty and 2-4 times longer 1/2 life - can be administered subQ and without lab monitoring
3) Side effects/ADEs: can’t reverse esily
Lepirudin, Bilirudin
1) Use:
2) Class/MOA: Hirudin derivatives; directly INHIBITS THROMBIN
3) Side effects/ADEs:
4) Fun Facts: used as an alternative to heparin for anticoagulating patients with HIT
Argatroban
1) Use: HIT, patient with kidney dysfunction
2) Class/MOA: directly INHIBITS THROMBIN
3) Side effects/ADEs: falsely elevates INR levels
4) Fun Facts: irreversible
Warfarin
1) Use: Chronic anticoagulation | not used in pregnat women | follow PT/INR values
2) Class/MOA: interfears with normal synthesis of K depedent clotting factors through blocking | INHIBIT THROMBIN GENERATION
3) Side effects/ADEs: bleeding, teratogenic,
Alteplase (tPA)
1) Use: CVA, acute MI, PE
2) Class/MOA: converts plasminogen to plasmin and helps cleave fibrin mesh TPA
3) Side effects/ADEs: bleeding
4) Fun Facts
Protamine Sulfate
1) Use: REVERSES HEPRIN
2) Class/MOA:
3) Side effects/ADEs:
4) Fun Facts
DDAVP (Desmopressin)
1) Use: vWF disease
2) Class/MOA: RELEASES vWF stored in endothelium
3) Side effects/ADEs:
4) Fun Facts
Vitamin K
1) Use: REVERSES Warfarin
2) Class/MOA:
3) Side effects/ADEs:
4) Fun Facts