Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

step 1 > Heme onc > Flashcards

Heme onc Flashcards

1
Q

ras

A

protooncogene; lung, colon, pancreas, bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

n-myc

A

protooncogene; neuroblastoma, small cell cancer of the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ERB-B1

A

protooncogene; squamous cell carcinoma of the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ERB-B2

A

protooncogene; breast, ovarian cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

TGF- alpha

A

protooncogene; astrocytoma, HCC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sis

A

protooncogene; astrocytoma, osteosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

abl

A

protooncogene; CML, ALL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

BRCA 1,2

A

anti-oncogene; breast, ovarian cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

NF-1

A

antioncogene; neuroblastoma, neurofibramatosis 1, sarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

APC

A

antioncogene; colon (familial adenomatous polyposis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

DCC

A

antioncogene; colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

p53

A

antioncogene; most cancers, li-fraumeni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

RB

A

antioncogene; retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

WT-1

A

Wilm’s tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine

A

Antimetabolite: Purine analog, decrease purine synthesis, activated by HGPRT; immunosuppresant, RA, IBD, SLE; used to wean off steriod therapy; myelosuppression, GI, liver, metabolized by xanthine oxidase, so increased toxicity with allopurinol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cladribine

A

Antimetabolite: Purine analog; hairy cell leukemia; myelosuppression, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity

17
Q

Cytarabine

A

Antimetabolite: Pyrimidine analog/inhibition of DNA polymerase; leukemias (AML), lymphomas; pancytopenia

18
Q

5-FU

A

Antimetabolite: Pyrimidine analog (activated by 5F-dUMP), inhibits thymidylate synthase, lowers dTMP, lowers DNA synthesis; colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, BCC (topical); myelosuppression (not reversible with leucovorin)

19
Q

Methotrexate

A

Antimetabolite: FA analog, competitve inhibitor of DHF, lowers dTMP, lowers DNA synthesis; cancers ((leukemia, ALL esp), lymphoma, choriocarcinoma, sarcoma), non-cancer (ectopic, abortion, RA, IBD, psoriasis, vasculitis); myelosuppression (reversible with leucovorin), hepatotoxicity, mucositis, pulmonary fibrosis

20
Q

Bleomycin

A

Antitumor antibiotic: Induces free radical formation that breaks DNA strands; testicular cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma; pulmonary fibrosis, skin hyperpigmentation, mucositis, minimal myelosuppression

21
Q

Dactinomycin

A

Antitumor antibiotic: Intercalates in DNA; children’s tumors (wilms, ewing, rhabdomyosarcoma); myelosuppression

22
Q

Doxorubicin, daunorubicin

A

Antitumor antibiotic: generates free radicals, intercalate in DNA; solid tumor, leukemia, lymphoma; cardiotoxicity (DCM) - can be prevented with dexrazosane the iron chelator, myelosuppression, alopecia

23
Q

Busulfan

A

Alkylating agent: cross-links DNA; CML. Also used to ablate BM before BM transplantation; severe myelosuppression, pulmonary fibrosis, hyperpignmentation

24
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

Alylating agent: cross-link DNA at guanine N-7 (requires liver bioactivation); solid tumor, leukemia, lymphoma; myelosuppression, hemorrhagic cystitis (partially prevented with mesna)

25
Q

Nitrosoureas

A

Alkylating agent: cross-link DNA, can cross BBB, requires bioactivation; brain tumor (inc GBM); CNX toxicity (convulsion, dizziness, ataxia)

26
Q

Paclitaxel

A

Microtubule inhibitor: hyperstabilize polymerized microtubules in M phase so that mitotic spindle cannot break down and anaphase cannot occur; ovarian and breast carcinomas; myelosuppression, alopecia, hypersensitivity reactions

27
Q

Vincristine, vinblastine

A

Microtubule inhibitor: vinca alkaloids that bind beta-tubulin and inhibit polymerization into microtubules - prevent mitotic spinde formation (arrest M-phase); solid tumors, leukemias, Hodgkin (vinblast), non-Hodgkin (vincristine); Vincristine (neurotoxicity), vinblastine (BM suppression)

28
Q

Cisplatin

A

Cross-link DNA; testicular, bladder, ovary, lung carcinoma; nephrotoxicity (prevent with amifostine (free radical scavenger and saline diuresis), ototoxicity

29
Q

Etoposide, teniposide

A

Inhibits topoisomerase II, increases DNA degradation; testicular and small cell lung cancer, leukemias, lymphomas; myelosuppression, GI upset, alopecia

30
Q

Irinotecan, topotecan

A

Inhibit topoisomerase I, prevent DNA unwinding and replication; irinotecan = colon cancer, topotecan = ovarian and small cell lung cancer; severe myelosuppression, diarrhea

31
Q

Hydroxyurea

A

Inhibit ribonucleotide reductase, inhibit DNA synthesis in the S phase; melanoma, CML, SCD; severe myelosuppression, GI upset

32
Q

Prednisone, prenisolone

A

Bind intracytoplasmic receptor; CLL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; Cushing-like symptoms

33
Q

Bevacizumab

A

Monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody, inhibits angiogenesis; colon cancer, RCC; hemorrhage, blood clots, impaired wound healing

34
Q

Erlotinib

A

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor; non-small cell lung carcinoma; rash

35
Q

Imatinib

A

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor of BCR-ABL and c-kit; CML, GI stromal tumors; fluid retention

36
Q

Rituximab

A

Anti-Cd20 monoclonal antibody; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, CLL, IBD, RA; risk of PML

37
Q

Tamoxifen, raloxifene

A

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (antagonist at breast, agonist at bone); tamoxifen = breast cancer, raloxifene = osteoporosis; tamoxifen - endometrial cancer, hot flashes

38
Q

Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

A

Her2 (tyrosine kinase receptor) monoclonal antibody; inhibition of Her2-initiated cellular signalling and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity; Her2 positive breast cancer and gastric cancer; cardiotoxicity

39
Q

Vemurafenib

A

Small molecule inhibitor of BRAF oncogene positive melanoma; metastatic melanoma

step 1 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions