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Internal Medicine Boards > Heme/Onc > Flashcards

Heme/Onc Flashcards

0
Q

Milan Criteria for OLT in HCC

A

One lesion <3cm No extra hepatic manifestations No vascular invasion

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1
Q

HNPCC criteria

A

3-2-1 rule: 3 relatives with HNPCC assoc cancer 2 generations 1 person died before 50

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2
Q

This hormone always indicates a non-seminomatous component in a testicular tumor

A

alpha-fetoprotein

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4
Q

Follow up surveillance for colon cancer

A

(1) CT chest/abd/pelvis q1year x 3 years (2) CEA q3-6 months for the first 2 years then q6months for the next 3 years (3) Colonoscopy 1 year, then 3 years later, then q5years

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5
Q

CD55 and CD59 on flow cytometry

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)

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6
Q

ADAMTS13

A

TTP-HUS

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7
Q

Anti-PF4 antibodies

A

HIT

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8
Q

JAK 2 Mutation

A
  • Essential Thrombocythema - Polycythemia Vera - Primary Myelofibrosis
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9
Q

9,22 translocation (Philadelphia Chromosome)

A

Chronic myeloid leukemia

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10
Q

How to distinguish alpha-thalassemia trait vs. beta-thalassemia trait in microcytic anemia

A

Hemoglobin electrophoresis - normal in alpha-thal trait; elevated A2 and fetal hemoglobin in beta-thal trait

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11
Q

Treatment of polycythemia vera

A
  • Low-dose aspirin and phlebotomy - Hydroxyurea if: >60 y/o or prior thrombotic event
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12
Q

Treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)

A

Imatinib - bcr-abl inhibitor

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13
Q

Form of AML associated with DIC

A

Acute promyelocytic leukemia

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14
Q

Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)

A

All-trans-retinoic acid + arsenic trioxide

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15
Q

(15;17) gene translocation

A

Acute promyelocytic leukemia

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16
Q

Treatment of 5q- syndrome

A

Lenalidomide (5q- syndrome is a sub-type of MDS)

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17
Q

Smudge cells

A

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

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18
Q

Antibodies to HPA-1a

A

Posttransfusion purpura

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19
Q

Leukoreduction of PRBCs

A

Decreases the incidence of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions, cytomegalovirus transmission, and alloimmunization

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20
Q

Factor(s) that prolong only PTT

A

8, 9, 11, 12

21
Q

Factor(s) that prolong only PT

A

Factor 7

22
Q

Treatment of acquired Factor VIII inhibitors

A

Recombinant Factor VIIa.

23
Q

Blood tests to confirm suspected B12 deficiency

A

Elevated homocysteine and methylmalonic acid

24
Q

Periorbital purpura and macroglossia

A

AL amyloidosis

25
Q

Treatment of high-risk MDS

A

Azacitidine

26
Q

Number of blasts in blood or bone marrow to dx AML

A

>20%

27
Q

MDS transforms into…

A

AML

28
Q

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

A

ABO incompatibility

29
Q

Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction

A

Alloantibody that causes rapid clearance of RBCs 1-3 days after transfusion

30
Q

Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction

A

Donor leukocyte cytokines OR Recipient alloantibodies against donor leukocytes Tx: Leukocyte reduction of further transfusions

31
Q

Transfusion-associated acute lung injury

A

Donor anti-leukocyte antibodies –> Leukocytes aggregate in pulmonary capillary bed

32
Q

Transfusion-associated GVHD

A

Donor lymphocytes engraft in immunocompromised recipient Tx: Gamma-irradiation of blood products

33
Q

Conditions treated with plasmapheresis (plasma exchange)

A
  • Guillain-Barre - Myasthenia gravis - TTP-HUS - Waldenström macroglobulinemia-related hyperviscosity syndrome - Transverse myelitis
34
Q

Bite cells

A

G6PD

35
Q

INR reversal in life-threatening bleeding

A

IV vitamin K + Prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC)

36
Q

Overexpression of cyclin D1 and a t(11:14) translocation

A

Mantle cell lymphoma

37
Q

EGFR inhibitors

A

Erlotinib (Tarceva) and gefitinib

38
Q

Type of chemo given in testicular cancer

A

Cisplatin-based

39
Q

Treatment of hairy cell leukemia

A

Cladribine

40
Q

Chemo used in colon cancer

A

FOLFOX (5-FU, leucovorin, oxaliplatin)

41
Q

Chemo for CLL

A

Fludarabine + Rituximab

42
Q

Chemo for Hodgkin lymphoma

A

ABVD = adriamycin (doxorubicin), bleomycin, vincristine, dacarbazine

43
Q

β2-Microglobuin

A

Prognostication in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

44
Q

Chemo for AML

A

“7 and 3” cytarabine + anthracycline

45
Q
A

Bite Cells

G6PD deficiency

46
Q
A

Target cells

Alpha- and beta-thalassemia

47
Q
A

Spherocytes

Hereditary spherocytosis; warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia

48
Q
A

Cold agglutinin disease

Erythrocytes are clumped, leading to falsely elevated MCV. Associated with IgM antibodies to erythrocyte antigens.

Internal Medicine Boards (11 decks)

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