heme/immuno Flashcards
Activated protein C resistance is caused by
factor V Leiden mutation, the most commonly inherited hypercoagulable disorder.
cancer pt, why are they hypercalcemic
release of PTHrp from tumor
anaphylactic transfusion reaction can be caused by
IgA deficiency
fever, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal dysfunction, and neurologic changes.
TTP
TTP treatment
plasma exchange
ER tx of tumor lysis syndrome
IV fluids
tx acute rheumatic fever with severe penicillin allergy
clinda
decrease febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction by
use leukocyte reduced packed red blood cells
highest risk of hyperleukocytosis cancer process
AML
new medication causing anemia
type II hypersensitivity reaction, autoimmune hemolytic anemia
most highly associated symptom with positive biopsy for temporal arteritis
jaw claudication
lip swelling and belly pain
hereditary angioedema
which hypersensitivity and examples - IgG or IgM antibodies react with cell antigens with resultant complement activation
type II cytotoxic- autoimmune hemolytic anemia, erythroblastosis fetalis, goodpasture (requires two separate exposures)
which hypersensitivity and examples - IgG or IgM immune complex deposition and subsequent complement activation
type III immune complex - serum sickness, SLE, PSGN
activated T cells against cell surface bound antigens
type IV hypersensitivity - contact dermatitis, TB skin test, transplant rejection
rituximab can cause what kind of hypersensitivy reaction
type III, serum sickness
INR and PTT in TTP
will be normal. no coagulopathy
RA, neutropenia, and splenomegaly
felty syndrome
adopted girl with low MCV anemia
thalassemia
low retic count in sickle cell patient, infection of
parvovirus
refractory anaphylaxis on a beta blocker, give
glucagon
getting a transfusion and develops fever, headache, joint pain, wheezing, hypotension
acute hyemolytic transfusion reaction
venous engorgement with boxcar segments
hyperviscosity syndrome causing retinal ischemia
factor VIII not available for hemophilia pt, give
cryoprecipitate
reverse warfarin with
4 factor PCC ( has II, VII, IX, and X)
MC lab abnormality in DIC
thrombocytopenia
check what labs in HSP
UA, Cr?
CML pt, with WBCs >100, anemia, thrombocytopenia (no symptoms of leukostasis), tx
urgent chemo induction, abx, hydroxyurea
why does cirrhotic patient have low platelets
splenic sequestration
acute chest syndrome but vitals normalize on NC oxygen, treatment?
abx and simple transfusion
microcytic anemia, no bleeding, normal iron studies
thalassemia
anemia of TTP is
MAHA
ED tx of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in setting of GPA/Wegners
steroids and immunotherapy
tx of hereditary angioedema
C1- Inhibitor, then FFP
macrocytic anemia, neutropenia, retic <1%
aplastic anemia
getting a blood transfusion, reaction occurs including red urine. dx and tx
hemolytic transfusion reaction, supportive and replace tubing
the setting of cyanide toxicity, amyl nitrite and sodium nitrite work by inducing
methhemoglobinemia
first line tx for autoimmune hemolytic anemia
steroids
positive Coombs test
hemolytic transfusion reaction (antibody complex detected)
blood type of mom to cause hemolytic disease of the newborn
type O, Rh negative
