Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CPR Exam 3 > Hematuria, Dysuria and Nocturia > Flashcards

Hematuria, Dysuria and Nocturia Flashcards

1
Q

Uncomplicated UTI

A

Acute cystitis or pyelonephritis in a non-pregnant, normal anatomy, no instrumentation patient.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Complicated UTI

A

Any male, pregnant woman, or individual with renal failure, renal transplant, anatomic problem, catheter, or immunocompromised.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Definition of recurrent UTI

A

> 2 infections in 6m

>3 infections in 1y

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Catheter-associated UTI (CA-UTI)

A

UTI within 48h post catheterization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RF for UTI

A 
Female
Sexual Activity
Barrier/spermicide use
Catheters
DM
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pathogenesis of UTI

A

Uropathogenic bacteria from the colon, perineum, or vagina infect the urethra and ascend

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Most common bacterial cause of UTI

A

E. Coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cystitis clinical presentation

A 
Dysuria
Urinary Frequency
Urgency 
FUPA pain 
Hematuria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pyelonephritis clinical presentation

A 
Fever
Flank pain
CVA tenderness
Fatigue
N/V

AMS in older patients!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Complications from UTI’s

A 
Sepsis
AKI
Abscess formation
Emphysematous Pyelonephritis
Papillary necrosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A patient shows irritative voiding symptoms but no evidence of infection. Ddx?

A

Interstitial Cystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Labs to run for diagnosis of UTI

A

Urinalysis with microscopy

Urine Dipstick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

2 findings on Urine dipstick indicative of UTI

A

Leukocyte Esterase

Nitrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

3 drugs used for UTI’s

A

Nitrofurantoin
TMP-SMX
Fosfomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Recommendations to prevent UTIs

A

consider alternative contraception methods other than barriers or spermicides
Urinate after intercourse
Wipe front to back
avoid tight underwear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2 classification of prostatitis we’re concerned with

A 
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis
Chronic Prostatitis (>3m)
17
Q

Pathogenesis of prostatitis

A

bacteria in the urethra migrate to the prostate via ducts. E. Coli most common

18
Q

Acute Bacterial Prostatitis clinical presentation

A

Acutely ill with fever, malaise, N/V, sepsis
Irritative voiding
Obstruction
FUPA pain

19
Q

Chronic Prostatitis presentation

A

Subtle signs and symptoms with recurrent UTI’s
Obstructive symptoms
Pain with ejaculation and/or blood in semen

20
Q

Exam to perform if prostatitis is suspected

A

DRE

21
Q

Treatment of Prostatitis

A

Treat empirically based on gram stain.

Gram- most common: Fluoroquinolones/TMP-SMX

22
Q

Number 1 risk factor for BPH

A

Age: 80% of men>70y

23
Q

Pathogenesis of BPH

A

not well understood, but increased stromal and epithelial cells within prostate that leads to Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS)

LUTS- Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and/or Detrusor Muscle overactivity

24
Q

When do most BPH patients present?

A

Storage symptoms occur such as urgency, frequency, notcturia, and incontinence

25
Q

What is a normal Post-void residual U/S?

A

<100 ml Urine

26
Q

Treatment of BPH

A
  1. a-blockers: Tamsulosin
  2. 5a–reductase inh
  3. PDE-5 inh- give ‘em a hard on while you’re at it!
  4. Anticholinergic- decrease bladder contraction
27
Q

Surgical treatment of BPH

A

Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP)

28
Q

What is the composition of most kidney stones?

A

Calcium oxalate

29
Q

RF for developing kidney stones

A

High Calcium diet
Low fluid intake
RTA type IV and I
Horseshoe kidney

30
Q

Nephrolithiasis presentation

A

Severe flank pain that radiates to the groin
Hematuria
Passage of stone
Hydronephrosis

31
Q

Diagnostic test for Nephrolithiasis

A

NON-CONTRAST CT abdomen and pelvis. contrast would cover up the stone

32
Q

Treatment for struvite crystals

A

Surgery, can’t pass them

33
Q

Cystine crystal characteristics

A

Hexagonal shaped and form in acidic urine

34
Q

Struvite Crystals characteristics

A

Coffin lid shaped and form in alkaline urine

35
Q

Treatment of Nephrolithiasis

A 
Fluids
Pain control
Anti-nausea
alpha blockers to dilate ureters
Shockwave therapy 
Basket extraction

CPR Exam 3 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions