Hematoxylin - Ehrlich’s

Question 1

staining solution most commonly used for routine
histologic studies

Answer 1

Hematoxylin

Question 2

The mordants used to demonstrate nuclear end cytoplasmic structures are (2)

Answer 2

1. alum
2. iron

Question 3

forming lakes or colored complexes

Answer 3

Mordants

Question 4

Aluminum salt lakes are usually colored ___

Answer 4

blue

Question 5

ferric salt lakes are colored _____.

Answer 5

blue-black.

Question 6

most commonly used staining system is called ___

Answer 6

H&E

Question 7

T/F.
Hematoxylin can be considered as a basic dye

Answer 7

True

Question 8

T/F.
Hematoxylin is used to stain acidic (or basophilic) structures a purplish blue.

(Hematoxylin is not strictly a basic dye, but it is used with a ‘mordant’ that makes this stain act as a basic dye)

Answer 8

True

Question 9

n acidic dye: it is negatively charged (general formula for acidic dyes is: Na+ dye-). It stains basic (or acidophilic) structures red or pink.

Answer 9

Eosin

Question 10

stains are recommended for progressive
staining of tissues, (i.e. staining for a predetermined time to adequately stain the nuclei but leave the background tissue relatively unstained, to be later
counterstained with eosin, Congo red or safranin)

Answer 10

Aluminum (alum) hematoxylin

Question 11

Aluminum salts give a ___

Answer 11

blue lake

Question 12

Alum or potassium aluminum sulfate, when used as the mordant, usually dissociates in an __________,

Answer 12

alkaline solution

Question 13

In the presence of excess acid, aluminum
hydroxide cannot be formed, with ultimate failure of aluminum hematoxylindye-lake to form, due to lack of -OH ions. Hence, acid solutions of alum
hematoxylin become ______

Answer 13

red

Question 14

During staining, alum hematoxylin stained sections
are usually passed on to an alkaline solution (e.g. 1% hydroxide) in order to neutralize the acid and free the OH group, to form an insoluble blue aluminum
hematin-tissue-lake. Such a procedure is known as

Answer 14

blueing

Question 15

For blueing of alum-hematoxylin -stained sections, _______ is commonly used

Answer 15

warm (40° to 50°C) tap water

Question 16

has more rapid action (about 15, 30, and 60 seconds respectively), compared to the 5 to 15 minutes required for warm tap water to “blue” hematoxylin. (3)

Answer 16

Blueing with

1. ammonia
2. lithium carbonate
3. Scott’s Tap Water Substitute

Question 17

may be “hard” on delicate tissues and may loosen and cause sections to fall off the slides during staining

Answer 17

Ammonia (0.5 to 1% in 80% alcohol)

Question 18

has a tendency to form crystalline deposits unless the slides are agitated in it and washed well afterwards.

Answer 18

Lithium carbonate

Question 19

__________ slows down the process while warming
accelerates it. In fact, the use of very cold water (below ____ ) for blueing sections may even produce ____ artifact discolorations on the tissue.

Answer 19

very cold water ; 10°C ; pink

Question 20

________ a type of alum hematoxylin that natural ripening takes about ____ to ripen

Answer 20

Ehrlich hematoxylin ; 2 months

Question 21

________ acts as a stabilizer, retards evaporation of the solution, and appears to slow down ripening, so that it may be added 4-6 weeks after the initial preparation

Answer 21

Glycerin

Question 22

It is suitable for tissues that have been subjected to acid decalcification, and is especially useful for tissues that have been become acidic during prolonged
storage in formalin.

Answer 22

Ehrlich’s hematoxylin

Question 23

Ehrlich’s hematoxylin is generally used for regressive staining, and differentiated with _________

Answer 23

I % hydrochloric acid in 70% alcohol (acid-alcohol)

Question 24

Mucopolysaccharide substances such as cartilage and cement lines of bones are also stained intensely ___

Answer 24

blue