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Hematology ANSC 153 > Hematopoiesis > Flashcards

Hematopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of Blood

A

oxygen transport to cells
carbon dioxide transport away from cells
transport nutrients from the digestive system to cells
transport hormones to cells

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2
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

start in the bone marrow as pluripotent stem cells the differentiate (erythrocytic, granulocytic, megakaryocytic, or agranulocytic) and are released into peripheral circulation

whole blood is composed of fluids and cells
plasma=fluid protein
cells=erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes

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3
Q

Leukocytes

A

Agranulocyes: lymphocytes, monocytes

Granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

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4
Q

Blood Cells

A

constantly produced
finite life span, must be replaced
life span differs by cell type and species
change as aging occurs

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5
Q

Blood Cell Production

A

produced in red marrow of long bones in adults

liver and spleen involved in fetal blood production

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6
Q

poiesis

A

to make, production of

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7
Q

hema or hemat/o

A

blood

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8
Q

erythro

A

red

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9
Q

leuk or leuk/o

A

white

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10
Q

thromb or thromb/o

A

clot

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11
Q

pluripotent stem cells

A

can develop into any type of blood cell or platelet
influenced by cytokines (chemical messengers)
over 25 different cytokines
primarily cytokine for RBC production=erythropoietin (produced in kidneys)

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12
Q

Erythrocytes/RBC

A

no nucleus in mammals
biconcave shape
transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

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13
Q

RBC lifespan

A

Cats 70 days
Dogs 120 days
Human 120 days

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14
Q

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A

cytokine responsible for production of RBCs
produced by cells in kidney to decrease oxygen tension in blood
EPO circulates in the blood to the red bone marrow
binds to receptors on erythroid precursor cells, causing them to divide and mature

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15
Q

RBC Development

A

Rubiblasts
Prorubicyte
Rubricytes
Metarubicytes

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16
Q

Rubiblasts

A

first phase

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17
Q

Prorubicyte

A

smaller than rubiblasts
slightly more dense basophilic cytoplasm
no visible nucleus

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18
Q

Rubricyte

A

basophilic cytoplasm
clumping nucleus
changes as it matures

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19
Q

Metarubricytes

A 
smallest cells
condensed nucleus
deep red cytoplasm
can't divide
hemoglobin formation complete
20
Q

Reticulocytes/Polychromatophil

A

immature RBC
lose ribosome material
small pieces remaining-punctuate reticulocytes

21
Q

Thrombocyte Development

A

Thrombopoietin
Megakaryoblast
Promegakaryocyte
Megakaryocyte

22
Q

Thrombopoietin

A

produced primarily in liver

23
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

many nuclear lobes
reddish granules in cytoplasm
cells are very large and shear apart in blood flow

24
Q

Leukopoiesis

A

the bone marrow of an adult human makes about 1 billion neutrophils per day
takes about 1 week to make 1
only live in peripheral blood for a few hours

25
Q

Granulopoiesis Development

A 
Leukopoietin
Myeoblasts
Promyelocytes
Myelocytes
Band Cells
Segmented Granculocytes
26
Q

Myeoblasts

A

large with round to oval nucleus
prominent nucleus
pale gray-blue cytoplasm

27
Q

Promyelocytes

A

large, pale staining, prominent, reddish cytoplasm granules

with no obvious nuclei

28
Q

Myelocytes

A

smaller
round nucleus
characteristics of mature cells appear
develop specific granules

29
Q

Band Cells

A

horseshoe shaped nucleus with parallel sides

30
Q

Segmented granulocytes

A

nuclei with 2 or more lobes

31
Q

Monopoiesis Development

A

Monoblasts
Promonocytes
Monocytes

32
Q

Monopoiesis

A

may develop into macrophages with the right cytokines

33
Q

Lymphocyte Development

A

Pluripotent Stem Cell
Common Lymphoid Progenitor (lymphoid stem cell)
Lymphoblast
Prolymphocyte stage

34
Q

Prolymphocyte stages

A

differentiate between B lymphocyte precursor or T lymphocyte precursor or Natural Killer precursor

requires certain cytokines and antibodies

35
Q

Juvenile B lymphocytes

A

mature primarily in the bone marrow or specialized Peyer’s patches in dogs, pigs, and ruminants (or in the bursa of Fabricius in birds)

36
Q

T lymphocytes

A

mature in thymus

37
Q

Natural Killer Cells

A

mature in bone marrow but also thymus and other lymphoid tissues

38
Q

penia

A

decreased number of cells

39
Q

neutropenia

A

decreased neutrophils

40
Q

pancytopenia

A

decreased of all blood cell types

41
Q

philia

A

increase, attraction to

42
Q

cytosis

A

increased number of cells

43
Q

neutrophilia

A

increase number of neutrophils

44
Q

lymphocytosis

A

increase number of lymphocytes

45
Q

left-shift

A

increased number of immature neutrophils

46
Q

leukemia

A

neoplastic cells of blood or bone marrow

47
Q

leukemoid response

A

mistaken for leukemia
marked by leukocytosis
usually inflammatory disease

Hematology ANSC 153 (7 decks)

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