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MCM > Hematopoiesis > Flashcards

Hematopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

Prenatal Hematopoiesis Wks 3-8

A

Yolk Sac

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2
Q

Prenatal Hematopoiesis Wks 6-30

A

Liver

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3
Q

Prenatal Hematopoiesis Wks 9-28

A

Spleen

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4
Q

Hematopoiesis migrates to bone marrow when?

A

Wks 28 to birth to adult

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5
Q

Which bones are primarily responsible for hematopoiesis

A

Skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, pelvis, prox ends of long bones

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6
Q

Hematopoietic Cell Compartment

A

HIghly vascular, Hematopoietic stem cells located here

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7
Q

Where are hematopoietic stem cells located

A

Hematopoietic Cell Compartment

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8
Q

What comes from the erythroblastic area

A

RBCs

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9
Q

What comes from the myeloid area

A

WBCs

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10
Q

Marrow Stromal Compartment

A

hematopoietic growth factors, and is made up of adipose cells, fibroblasts, stromal cells, vascular endothelial cells, macrophages, and blood vessels interspersed within trabecular bone

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11
Q

Where do hematopoietic growth factors come from

A

endothelial cells, marrow fibroblasts and stromal (reticular cells)

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12
Q

What do hematopoietic growth factors do

A

cause stem cells to differentiate

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13
Q

Red bone marrow

A

Source of RBCs and WBCs, in all bone at birth,

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14
Q

Yellow bone marrow

A

more adipocytes, less hematopoiesis occuring

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15
Q

What is Stroma and what is contained here?

A

reticular connective tissue adipocytes and macrophages are found here

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16
Q

Hematopoietic cords

A

bundles of blood cells at different stages of maturation

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17
Q

Vascular Sinusoids

A

between cords, lined w/ endothelial cells and alow new cells into blood

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18
Q

What does Stem Cell Factor (SCF) do (aka c-kit ligand or steel factor)

A

weak simulator of hematopoiesis, makes stem cells responsive to other cytokines, stimulates pluripotent stem cells to CFU-GEMM (myeloid stem cells)

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19
Q

What two types of stem cells are found in bone marrow

A

hematopoietic and mesenchymal

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20
Q

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

A

self renewal, produce committed precursor cells (myeloid SC and lymphoid SC)

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21
Q

Myeloid SC differentiates into….

A

Erythroid CFU, Megakaryocyte CFU, Basophil CFU, eosinophil CFU, granulocyte-macrophage CFU

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22
Q

Lymphoid SC give rise to…

A

T Cell in thymus and B Cell in marrow

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23
Q

Maturing Cells

A

result of committed cell precursor differentiation

24
Q

Megakaryocyte becomes….

A

platelets

25
Q

3 types of hematopoietic growth factors (HGF)

A

Colony stimulating factors (CSF), Erythropoietin (EPO) & Thrombopoietin TPO, and Cytokines (primarily interleukins)

26
Q

IL-3

A

All hematopoitic progenetors Not Lymphoid cells Basophil have no other factors except IL-3

27
Q

IL 1 and 4

A

Lymphoid stem cells

28
Q

IL 2

A

T Cells

29
Q

IL 2 and 6

A

B cells

30
Q

EPO

A

produced in Kidney RBCs

31
Q

TPO

A

produced in Liver Platelets

32
Q

GM-CSF

A

leukocytes and reticulocytes

33
Q

G-CSF

A

neutrophils treatment for neutropenia after chemo

34
Q

M-CSF

A

monocytes and macrophages

35
Q
A

Proerythroblast Pronormoblast

36
Q
A

Basophilic erythroblast Basophilic Normoblast

37
Q
A

Polychromatophilic erythroblast Polychromatic Normoblast

38
Q
A

orthochromatic erythroblast orthochromatic normoblast

still in the bone marrow

39
Q
A

Reticulocyte Polychromatic erythrocyte

40
Q
A

Mature cell

RBC Erythrocyte

41
Q

Kidney Disease = ________levels of erythropoieitin

A

decreased

42
Q

Treatment of kidney disease

A

recombinant erythropoietin

43
Q

Anemia

A

decreased EPO

44
Q

Effectiveness of EPO treatment is measured by?

A

increase in reticulocytes

45
Q
A

Megakaryoblast

46
Q
A

Megakaryocyte

47
Q

TPO level during Liver Disease

A

decreased

48
Q

Low TPO

A

Thrombocytopenia (decreased platelets)

49
Q

Treatment of thrombocytopenia

A

TPO or receptor agonists

50
Q

Effectiveness of TPO treatment

A

increased platelets

51
Q

Granulopoiesis

A

cytoplasmic granules lobulated nucleus Neutrophils, Basophils, eosinophils

52
Q

Agranulopoeisis

A

no granules no nuclear lobulation Lymphocytes, Monocytes

53
Q

Neutrophils

A

Phagocytize bacteria release antimicrobial chemicals

54
Q

Eosinophils

A

Phagocytize antigen antibody complexes, allergens and inflammatory chemicals antiparasitic and bactericidal activity

55
Q

Basophils

A

Secrete histamine and heparin inflammatory rxns during immune response and allergies

56
Q

Treatment for neutropenia after chemo

A

G-CSF (grandulocyte colony-stimulating factor)

MCM (10 decks)

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