hematopathology: anemia

Question 1

hematopathology

Answer 1

disease of red blood cells, white blood cells, coagulation disorders

Question 2

what hemoglobin value indicates someone should not get out of bed

Answer 2

7

Question 3

reticulocytes

Answer 3

immature RBCs

Question 4

mean cell volume (MCV)

Answer 4

measure of average volume of RBCs

Question 5

mean cell hemoglobin (mch)

Answer 5

measurement of average weight of hemoglobin in individual erythrocytes

Question 6

mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

Answer 6

average concentration of hemoglobin in erythorocytes

Question 7

anemic values for MCV, MCH, and MCHC

Answer 7

MCV: 90 fL
MCH: 30 pg
MCHC: 30 g/ 100ml

Question 8

mechanisms of anemia

Answer 8

blood loss (acute; trauma chronic; bleeding from GI pathology or menstruation
decreased production of RBC
increased destruction of RBCs due to external factors
increased destruction of RBCs to hereditary internal factors

Question 9

aplastic anemia

Answer 9

bone marrow faliure

Question 10

spherocytes

Answer 10

sphere shaped RBC vs round

Question 11

schistocytes

Answer 11

fragmented red blood cells that can take on different shapes

Question 12

rouleaux

Answer 12

stacks or aggregations of red blood cells that form because of the unique shape of the cells. the flat surface of the discoid give them a large surface to stick to each other
hydrophobic nature= stick together

Question 13

clinical presentation of anemia

Answer 13

pale skin, fatigue, dyspnea on exertion, chest pain, syncope (passing out), dizziness, decreased o2 carrying capacity

Question 14

hemoglobin

Answer 14

protien molecule that carries o2 from lungs to body tissues
-280 million Hbg per 1 RBC

Question 15

hypochromic anemia

Answer 15

RBC paler than normal

Question 16

micocytic anemia

Answer 16

(moat common) small, often hypochromic RBC usually due to low MCV and iron deficiency

Question 17

anemia in chronic disease

Answer 17

typically from neoplasms, autoimmune conditions or chronic infection
typically iron storage levels are elevated= unable to transfer iron storage form to hemoglobin due to elevated immune system mediators

Question 18

macrocytic anemia

Answer 18

large RBC, low hemoglobin,

Question 19

hemolytic anemias

Answer 19

RBC destroyed faster than they can be made = hemolysis

Question 20

hereditary structurally abnormal hemoglobin: sickle cell anemia

Answer 20

valine mutation causing the hemoglobin to be sticky, less soluble so it sticks to itself
abnormal hemeglobin bc valine replaces glutamic acid leaving it to be less soluble and sickle shaped

Question 21

anemic levels in make and female

Answer 21

<12 for female
<14 for male