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MLT-MLS Spring 2022 > Hematology Exam 5 > Flashcards

Hematology Exam 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Advantage vs Disadvantage:
Are the following advantages of automated or manual?

  • Speed
  • Accuracy
  • Precision
  • Small blood volume
A

Automated

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2
Q

Advantage vs Disadvantage:
Are the following advantages of automated or manual?

  • Low cost
  • Fewer artifacts and spurious results
A

Manual

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3
Q

TRUE or FALSE:

Fewer spurious results and artifacts are seen with automated testing

A

FALSE

Manual testing has fewer spurious results and artifacts

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4
Q

Impedence and light scatter are types of ____________

A

Automation

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5
Q

Detects and measures changes in electrical resistance between two electrodes as cells pass through a sensing aperture.

A

Electronic impedance

aka

Current impedance

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6
Q

This automation method gives an initial 3 part differential (lymphs, mono-nucleated cells, and granulocytes)

A

Electronic impedance

aka

Current impedance

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7
Q

Cell counting:

The longer the current is disrupted, the ________ the cell.

A

The longer the current is disrupted, the BIGGER the cell.

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8
Q

Cell counting:

The frequency at which the current is disrupted = ?

A

The frequency at which the current is disrupted = # OF CELLS

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9
Q

What are the ways cells are counted and sized based on the degree and nature of light scatter?

A
  • *-Absorption of light
  • Diffraction
  • Refraction
  • Reflection**
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10
Q

DEFINITION:

Bending around corners of the surface of a cell

A

Diffraction

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11
Q

DEFINITION:

Bending because of a change in speed

A

Refraction

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12
Q

DEFINITION:

Backward scatter of rays caused by cellular obstruction

A

Reflection

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13
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

What does 0 degree scatter tell us?

A
  • *Cell volume - how big the cell is
  • Diffraction of light**
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14
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

10 degrees

A

Forward high angle cellular complexity

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15
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

90 degrees

A

Degree of internal complexity (lobularity)

-Refraction and reflection of light

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16
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

90 degrees depolarized

A

Cellular granularity

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17
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

What angle tells us the cells volume/how big the cell is?

A

0 degrees

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18
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

What angle tells us the cells complexity?

A

10 degrees

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19
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

What angle tells us the lobularity of a cell?

A

90 degrees

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20
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

What angle tells us the cellular granularity?

A

90 degrees deploarized

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21
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

What angle is the diffraction of light?

A

0 degrees

22
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

What angle is the refraction of light?

A

90 degrees

23
Q

LIGHT SCATTER:

What angle is the reflection of light?

A

90 degrees

24
Q

TRUE or FALSE:

Increasing the number of RBCs counted produces a decreased precision

A

FALSE

Increased counted RBCs increases the precision

25
Q

This reticulocyte parameter is used to determine the need for transfusion.

A

Immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF)

26
Q

What is the immature reticulocyte fraction?

A

A ratio of immature reticulocytes to the total reticulocytes in a sample

27
Q

What is the range for reticulocyte hemoglobin content?

A

28.2 - 36.6 pg

28
Q

What does the reticulocyte hemoglobin content tell us?

A

Snapshot of iron availability

29
Q

What is included in the power supply of analyzers?

A

-Pneumatics: compressed air operates pinch valves and vacuum pulls cells through orifices

-Electronics:

30
Q

What does the diluter do on analyzers?

A
  • *-Primary operating system
  • Mixes, transports, pipettes, lyses, and senses**
31
Q

What is the DMS?

A

Data management system

  • *-Computer for the analyzer
  • Displays, stores, and transmits information to printer
  • Send results to laboratory information system (LIS)**
32
Q

WBC histogram:

35-90 fL

A

Lymphs

33
Q

WBC histogram:

90-160 fL

A

Mononuclear cells

34
Q

WBC histogram:

160-450 fL

A

Granulocytes

35
Q

Platelet histogram:

What is the range for particles measured?

A

2-20 fL

36
Q

What is counted in the RBC bath?

A

RBCs and platelets

37
Q

What is the dilution of the RBC bath?

A

1:6250

38
Q

What happens in the WBC bath?

A

WBC count and hemoglobin is measured

39
Q

What is the dilution of the WBC bath?

A

1:251 then lyse is added

40
Q

TRUE or FALSE:

Three apertures count cells. At least 2 out of 3 have to agree.

A

TRUE

41
Q

What are used as blanks for measurements on analyzers?

A

Isoton and lyse reagent

42
Q

What tests are directly measured on analyzers?

A

WBC
RBC
HGB
PLT

43
Q

NRBCs are counted as what on analyzers?

A

WBCs

44
Q

How is MCV measured?

A

Through pulse height

45
Q

Coulter Principle:

What cell size is counted as a WBC?

A

>35fL

46
Q

Coulter Principle:

What cell size is counted as an RBC?

A

>36fL

47
Q

What type of hemoglobin is measured on analyzers?

A

Cyanmethemoglobin

48
Q

Calculation for hematocrit

A

RBC x MCV
______________

10

49
Q

Calculation for MCH

A

MCH/RBC

50
Q

Calculation for MCHC

A

HGB/HCT

51
Q

Calculation for CV

A

SD
_________

MEAN x 100

52
Q

What is the range in size for platelet counts?

A

2-20 fL

MLT-MLS Spring 2022 (14 decks)

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