Hematology Flashcards
Normal platelet count:
150,000-300,000
Platelet count increased in:
Active bleeding
Post-splenectomy
Myeloproloferative diseases (slow growing blood cancers in which the bone marrow makes too many abnormal rbcs)
Platelet count decreased in:
DIC, TTP, HIT, ITP, drugs
EDTA- dependent agglutination
PT/INR normal:
11-14 s
What does the PT/iNR evaluate?
Extrinsic and common pathways
What is the PT/INR most sensitive to?
Vitamin-K dependent clotting factors 2, 7, 9, 10
PT/INR is used to monitor:
Coumadin
What is the PT/INT elevated in?
Liver disease Coumadin therapy DIC Hereditary factor deficiencies in 10, 5, 7, and 1 Massive blood transfusions
What is the normal PTT?
26-34 s
What does the PTT evaluate and what is it used to monitor?
Evaluates then intrinsic and common clotting pathways
Used to monitor heparin therapy
PTT is increased in:
Deficiency in specific coagulation factors in the intrinsic pathway except for factor 13
DIC
Nonspecific inhibitor (lupus anticoagulant)
Heparin, Coumadin, and direct thrombin inhibitors
Normal fibrinogen?
150-400 mg/dL
Fibrinogen increased in:
Inflammatory states
Pregnancy
Smoking
Fibrinogen decreased in:
Liver disease
DIC
Hereditary dysfibrinogenemia
D-diner normal?
Less than 500
What does the d-dimer represent?
Represents fibrin degradation of a blood clot after fibrinolysis.
D-dimer is elevated in:
DVT, DIC, PE, malignancy
WBC normal?
4-10000
RBC normal?
3.5-5 million/mm3
HGB normal:
12-17 grams
HCT normal?
36-52%
MCV normal?
82-94 fL
MCH normal?
27-31 ph